Biomaterial Database

Effect of low or high dietary calcium on the morphology of the rat femur. 2002

H Chen, and D Hayakawa, and S Emura, and Y Ozawa, and T Okumura, and S Shoumura

Department of Anatomy, Gifu University School of Medicine, 40 Tsukasa-machi, Gifu 500-8705, Japan. huayue@cc.gifu-u.ac.jp

The present study compared the effect of a calcium deficit or surfeit on femurs. Young female rats were fed with the normal (1.18%), low (0.05%), or high (2.00%) calcium diet for 3, 7, 15 or 30 days. Two groups received the low calcium diet for the first 15 days and then were followed by the normal (L-N) or high calcium diets (L-H) for the sequential 15 days. The morphology of the femur was studied together with serum calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin and bone mineral density (BMD). We did not find any significant changes in the serum PTH level and bone morphology in the high calcium group. In the low calcium group, the serum PTH level increased, BMD of the whole body, the femoral weight and the femoral trabecular bone decreased as compared with the normal calcium group. There was a greater proportion of resorbing surface, less resting surface and larger vascular canal openings in the femoral endosteal surfaces in the low calcium group. In the L-N or L-H group, the femoral trabecular bone increased and the femoral resorbing surface decreased as compared with those of the low calcium group. These findings suggest that high calcium intakes do not affect the bone mass, and low calcium intakes have a deleterious effect on bone status, which may be related to vascular alternations of the bone. Reversing the low income calcium intake by a higher calcium diet can partially improve the bone alternations induced by low calcium intake.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008855	Microscopy, Electron, Scanning	Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point. The image is constructed by detecting the products of specimen interactions that are projected above the plane of the sample, such as backscattered electrons. Although SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY also scans the specimen point by point with the electron beam, the image is constructed by detecting the electrons, or their interaction products that are transmitted through the sample plane, so that is a form of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.	Scanning Electron Microscopy,Electron Scanning Microscopy,Electron Microscopies, Scanning,Electron Microscopy, Scanning,Electron Scanning Microscopies,Microscopies, Electron Scanning,Microscopies, Scanning Electron,Microscopy, Electron Scanning,Microscopy, Scanning Electron,Scanning Electron Microscopies,Scanning Microscopies, Electron,Scanning Microscopy, Electron
D009929	Organ Size	The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.	Organ Volume,Organ Weight,Size, Organ,Weight, Organ
D010024	Osteoporosis	Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis (OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile osteoporosis.	Age-Related Osteoporosis,Bone Loss, Age-Related,Osteoporosis, Age-Related,Osteoporosis, Post-Traumatic,Osteoporosis, Senile,Senile Osteoporosis,Osteoporosis, Involutional,Age Related Osteoporosis,Age-Related Bone Loss,Age-Related Bone Losses,Age-Related Osteoporoses,Bone Loss, Age Related,Bone Losses, Age-Related,Osteoporoses,Osteoporoses, Age-Related,Osteoporoses, Senile,Osteoporosis, Age Related,Osteoporosis, Post Traumatic,Post-Traumatic Osteoporoses,Post-Traumatic Osteoporosis,Senile Osteoporoses
D010281	Parathyroid Hormone	A polypeptide hormone (84 amino acid residues) secreted by the PARATHYROID GLANDS which performs the essential role of maintaining intracellular CALCIUM levels in the body. Parathyroid hormone increases intracellular calcium by promoting the release of CALCIUM from BONE, increases the intestinal absorption of calcium, increases the renal tubular reabsorption of calcium, and increases the renal excretion of phosphates.	Natpara,PTH (1-84),PTH(1-34),Parathormone,Parathyrin,Parathyroid Hormone (1-34),Parathyroid Hormone (1-84),Parathyroid Hormone Peptide (1-34),Hormone, Parathyroid
D002116	Calcitonin	A peptide hormone that lowers calcium concentration in the blood. In humans, it is released by thyroid cells and acts to decrease the formation and absorptive activity of osteoclasts. Its role in regulating plasma calcium is much greater in children and in certain diseases than in normal adults.	Thyrocalcitonin,Calcitonin(1-32),Calcitrin,Ciba 47175-BA,Eel Calcitonin,Calcitonin, Eel,Ciba 47175 BA,Ciba 47175BA
D002118	Calcium	A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.	Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D002136	Calcium, Dietary	Calcium compounds in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS or in food that supply the body with calcium.	Dietary Calcium
D002452	Cell Count	The number of CELLS of a specific kind, usually measured per unit volume or area of sample.	Cell Density,Cell Number,Cell Counts,Cell Densities,Cell Numbers,Count, Cell,Counts, Cell,Densities, Cell,Density, Cell,Number, Cell,Numbers, Cell
D005260	Female		Females
D005269	Femur	The longest and largest bone of the skeleton, it is situated between the hip and the knee.	Trochanter,Greater Trochanter,Lesser Trochanter,Femurs,Greater Trochanters,Lesser Trochanters,Trochanter, Greater,Trochanter, Lesser,Trochanters,Trochanters, Greater,Trochanters, Lesser