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Neuromodulation, theta rhythm and rat spatial navigation. 2002

Michael E Hasselmo, and Jonathan Hay, and Maxim Ilyn, and Anatoli Gorchetchnikov
Department of Psychology, Center for BioDynamics, Boston University, MA 02215, USA. hasselmo@bu.edu

Cholinergic and GABAergic innervation of the hippocampus plays an important role in human memory function and rat spatial navigation. Drugs which block acetylcholine receptors or enhance GABA receptor activation cause striking impairments in the encoding of new information. Lesions of the cholinergic innervation of the hippocampus reduce the amplitude of hippocampal theta rhythm and cause impairments in spatial navigation tasks, including the Morris water maze, eight-arm radial maze, spatial reversal and delayed alternation. Here, we review previous work on the role of cholinergic modulation in memory function, and we present a new model of the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex describing the interaction of these regions for goal-directed spatial navigation in behavioral tasks. These mechanisms require separate functional phases for: (1) encoding of pathways without interference from retrieval, and (2) retrieval of pathways for guiding selection of the next movement. We present analysis exploring how phasic changes in physiological variables during hippocampal theta rhythm could provide these different phases and enhance spatial navigation function.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008954 Models, Biological Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment. Biological Model,Biological Models,Model, Biological,Models, Biologic,Biologic Model,Biologic Models,Model, Biologic
D009415 Nerve Net A meshlike structure composed of interconnecting nerve cells that are separated at the synaptic junction or joined to one another by cytoplasmic processes. In invertebrates, for example, the nerve net allows nerve impulses to spread over a wide area of the net because synapses can pass information in any direction. Neural Networks (Anatomic),Nerve Nets,Net, Nerve,Nets, Nerve,Network, Neural (Anatomic),Networks, Neural (Anatomic),Neural Network (Anatomic)
D006624 Hippocampus A curved elevation of GRAY MATTER extending the entire length of the floor of the TEMPORAL HORN of the LATERAL VENTRICLE (see also TEMPORAL LOBE). The hippocampus proper, subiculum, and DENTATE GYRUS constitute the hippocampal formation. Sometimes authors include the ENTORHINAL CORTEX in the hippocampal formation. Ammon Horn,Cornu Ammonis,Hippocampal Formation,Subiculum,Ammon's Horn,Hippocampus Proper,Ammons Horn,Formation, Hippocampal,Formations, Hippocampal,Hippocampal Formations,Hippocampus Propers,Horn, Ammon,Horn, Ammon's,Proper, Hippocampus,Propers, Hippocampus,Subiculums
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013037 Spatial Behavior Reactions of an individual or groups of individuals with relation to the immediate surrounding area including the animate or inanimate objects within that area. Behavior, Spatial,Behaviors, Spatial,Spatial Behaviors
D013826 Theta Rhythm Brain waves characterized by a frequency of 4-7 Hz, usually observed in the temporal lobes when the individual is awake, but relaxed and sleepy. Rhythm, Theta,Rhythms, Theta,Theta Rhythms
D051381 Rats The common name for the genus Rattus. Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus
D018377 Neurotransmitter Agents Substances used for their pharmacological actions on any aspect of neurotransmitter systems. Neurotransmitter agents include agonists, antagonists, degradation inhibitors, uptake inhibitors, depleters, precursors, and modulators of receptor function. Nerve Transmitter Substance,Neurohormone,Neurohumor,Neurotransmitter Agent,Nerve Transmitter Substances,Neurohormones,Neurohumors,Neuromodulator,Neuromodulators,Neuroregulator,Neuroregulators,Neurotransmitter,Neurotransmitters,Substances, Nerve Transmitter,Transmitter Substances, Nerve,Substance, Nerve Transmitter,Transmitter Substance, Nerve

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