Distortion product otoacoustic emissions in frogs: correlation with middle and inner ear properties. 2002

Pim van Dijk, and Matthew J Mason, and Peter M Narins
Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Maastricht, P.O. Box 5800, The Netherlands. pvd@skno.azm.nl

Four frog species, Rana pipiens, Scaphiopus couchii, Xenopus laevis and Bombina orientalis, were examined for distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE). These species were chosen for their diverse otic morphologies. Rana has a well-developed caudal extension of the amphibian papilla within the inner ear; Scaphiopus, Xenopus and Bombina do not. Rana and Scaphiopus have a tympanic middle ear, Xenopus has a subcutaneous tympanic disk and Bombina has only an operculum. DPOAEs were present in Rana and Xenopus, with amplitudes up to 55 and 20 dB SPL, respectively. DPOAEs could be detected in neither Scaphiopus nor Bombina. These results show that (1) a well-developed caudal extension is not necessary for generation of DPOAEs, and (2) a tympanic middle ear is neither required nor sufficient to have DPOAEs.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007758 Ear, Inner The essential part of the hearing organ consists of two labyrinthine compartments: the bony labyrinthine and the membranous labyrinth. The bony labyrinth is a complex of three interconnecting cavities or spaces (COCHLEA; VESTIBULAR LABYRINTH; and SEMICIRCULAR CANALS) in the TEMPORAL BONE. Within the bony labyrinth lies the membranous labyrinth which is a complex of sacs and tubules (COCHLEAR DUCT; SACCULE AND UTRICLE; and SEMICIRCULAR DUCTS) forming a continuous space enclosed by EPITHELIUM and connective tissue. These spaces are filled with LABYRINTHINE FLUIDS of various compositions. Labyrinth,Bony Labyrinth,Ear, Internal,Inner Ear,Membranous Labyrinth,Bony Labyrinths,Ears, Inner,Ears, Internal,Inner Ears,Internal Ear,Internal Ears,Labyrinth, Bony,Labyrinth, Membranous,Labyrinths,Labyrinths, Bony,Labyrinths, Membranous,Membranous Labyrinths
D008297 Male Males
D010469 Perceptual Distortion Lack of correspondence between the way a stimulus is commonly perceived and the way an individual perceives it under given conditions. Distortion, Perceptual,Distortions, Perceptual,Perceptual Distortions
D011894 Rana pipiens A highly variable species of the family Ranidae in Canada, the United States and Central America. It is the most widely used Anuran in biomedical research. Frog, Leopard,Leopard Frog,Lithobates pipiens,Frogs, Leopard,Leopard Frogs
D004432 Ear, Middle The space and structures directly internal to the TYMPANIC MEMBRANE and external to the inner ear (LABYRINTH). Its major components include the AUDITORY OSSICLES and the EUSTACHIAN TUBE that connects the cavity of middle ear (tympanic cavity) to the upper part of the throat. Tympanic Cavity,Tympanum,Middle Ear,Cavities, Tympanic,Cavity, Tympanic,Ears, Middle,Middle Ears,Tympanic Cavities,Tympanums
D005260 Female Females
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001001 Anura An order of the class Amphibia, which includes several families of frogs and toads. They are characterized by well developed hind limbs adapted for jumping, fused head and trunk and webbed toes. The term "toad" is ambiguous and is properly applied only to the family Bufonidae. Bombina,Frogs and Toads,Salientia,Toad, Fire-Bellied,Toads and Frogs,Anuras,Fire-Bellied Toad,Fire-Bellied Toads,Salientias,Toad, Fire Bellied,Toads, Fire-Bellied
D014982 Xenopus laevis The commonest and widest ranging species of the clawed "frog" (Xenopus) in Africa. This species is used extensively in research. There is now a significant population in California derived from escaped laboratory animals. Platanna,X. laevis,Platannas,X. laevi
D017084 Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous Self-generated faint acoustic signals from the inner ear (COCHLEA) without external stimulation. These faint signals can be recorded in the EAR CANAL and are indications of active OUTER AUDITORY HAIR CELLS. Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions are found in all classes of land vertebrates. Spontaneous Otoacoustic Emissions,Otoacoustic Emission, Spontaneous,Spontaneous Otoacoustic Emission

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