Biomaterial Database

Adrenergic-receptor polymorphisms and heart failure. 2002

Roger J Hajjar, and Calum A MacRae

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009638	Norepinephrine	Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the ADRENAL MEDULLA and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers, and of the diffuse projection system in the brain that arises from the LOCUS CERULEUS. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.	Levarterenol,Levonorepinephrine,Noradrenaline,Arterenol,Levonor,Levophed,Levophed Bitartrate,Noradrenaline Bitartrate,Noradrénaline tartrate renaudin,Norepinephrin d-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine Bitartrate,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride, (+,-)-Isomer,Norepinephrine d-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), (+,-)-Isomer,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), Monohydrate,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), Monohydrate, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:2),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine, (+,-)-Isomer
D011110	Polymorphism, Genetic	The regular and simultaneous occurrence in a single interbreeding population of two or more discontinuous genotypes. The concept includes differences in genotypes ranging in size from a single nucleotide site (POLYMORPHISM, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE) to large nucleotide sequences visible at a chromosomal level.	Gene Polymorphism,Genetic Polymorphism,Polymorphism (Genetics),Genetic Polymorphisms,Gene Polymorphisms,Polymorphism, Gene,Polymorphisms (Genetics),Polymorphisms, Gene,Polymorphisms, Genetic
D011941	Receptors, Adrenergic	Cell-surface proteins that bind epinephrine and/or norepinephrine with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes. The two major classes of adrenergic receptors, alpha and beta, were originally discriminated based on their cellular actions but now are distinguished by their relative affinity for characteristic synthetic ligands. Adrenergic receptors may also be classified according to the subtypes of G-proteins with which they bind; this scheme does not respect the alpha-beta distinction.	Adrenergic Receptors,Adrenoceptor,Adrenoceptors,Norepinephrine Receptor,Receptors, Epinephrine,Receptors, Norepinephrine,Adrenergic Receptor,Epinephrine Receptors,Norepinephrine Receptors,Receptor, Adrenergic,Receptor, Norepinephrine
D006333	Heart Failure	A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.	Cardiac Failure,Heart Decompensation,Congestive Heart Failure,Heart Failure, Congestive,Heart Failure, Left-Sided,Heart Failure, Right-Sided,Left-Sided Heart Failure,Myocardial Failure,Right-Sided Heart Failure,Decompensation, Heart,Heart Failure, Left Sided,Heart Failure, Right Sided,Left Sided Heart Failure,Right Sided Heart Failure
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D015398	Signal Transduction	The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.	Cell Signaling,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Pathways,Receptor Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Transduction Pathways,Signal Transduction Systems,Pathway, Signal,Pathway, Signal Transduction,Pathways, Signal,Pathways, Signal Transduction,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transductions,Signal Pathway,Signal Transduction Pathway,Signal Transduction System,Signal Transduction, Receptor-Mediated,Signal Transductions,Signal Transductions, Receptor-Mediated,System, Signal Transduction,Systems, Signal Transduction,Transduction, Signal,Transductions, Signal
D044383	Black People	Persons having origins in any of the black racial groups of AFRICA. Note that OMB category BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN is available for the United States population groups. Race and ethnicity terms, as used in the federal government, are self-identified social construct and may include terms outdated and offensive in MeSH to assist users who are interested in retrieving comprehensive search results for studies such as in longitudinal studies.	African Continental Ancestry Group,Black Person,Negroid Race,Black Peoples,Black Persons,Negroid Races,People, Black,Person, Black,Persons, Black,Race, Negroid
D018341	Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2	A subclass of alpha-adrenergic receptors found on both presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes where they signal through Gi-Go G-PROTEINS. While postsynaptic alpha-2 receptors play a traditional role in mediating the effects of ADRENERGIC AGONISTS, the subset of alpha-2 receptors found on presynaptic membranes signal the feedback inhibition of NEUROTRANSMITTER release.	Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptors,Receptors, alpha-2 Adrenergic,alpha-2 Adrenergic Receptors,Adrenergic Receptor alpha(2C),Adrenergic Receptor alpha(2d),Adrenergic Receptor alpha-2C,Adrenergic Receptor alpha-2b,Adrenergic Receptor, alpha-2,Adrenergic alpha-2A Receptors,Adrenergic alpha-2B Receptors,Adrenergic alpha-2C Receptors,Adrenergic alpha-2D Receptors,Receptor, Adrenergic, alpha-2,Receptor, Adrenergic, alpha-2A,Receptor, Adrenergic, alpha-2B,Receptor, Adrenergic, alpha-2C,Receptor, Adrenergic, alpha-2D,Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2A,Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2B,Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2D,alpha 2 Adrenergic Receptors,alpha-2A Adrenergic Receptor,alpha-2B Adrenergic Receptor,alpha-2C Adrenergic Receptor,alpha-2D Adrenergic Receptor,Adrenergic Receptor alpha 2C,Adrenergic Receptor alpha 2b,Adrenergic Receptor, alpha 2,Adrenergic Receptor, alpha-2A,Adrenergic Receptor, alpha-2B,Adrenergic Receptor, alpha-2C,Adrenergic Receptor, alpha-2D,Adrenergic Receptors, alpha-2,Adrenergic alpha 2 Receptors,Adrenergic alpha 2A Receptors,Adrenergic alpha 2B Receptors,Adrenergic alpha 2C Receptors,Adrenergic alpha 2D Receptors,Receptor alpha-2C, Adrenergic,Receptor alpha-2b, Adrenergic,Receptor, alpha-2 Adrenergic,Receptor, alpha-2A Adrenergic,Receptor, alpha-2B Adrenergic,Receptor, alpha-2C Adrenergic,Receptor, alpha-2D Adrenergic,Receptors, Adrenergic alpha-2,Receptors, Adrenergic alpha-2A,Receptors, Adrenergic alpha-2B,Receptors, Adrenergic alpha-2C,Receptors, Adrenergic alpha-2D,Receptors, alpha 2 Adrenergic,alpha 2A Adrenergic Receptor,alpha 2B Adrenergic Receptor,alpha 2C Adrenergic Receptor,alpha 2D Adrenergic Receptor,alpha-2 Adrenergic Receptor,alpha-2 Receptors, Adrenergic,alpha-2A Receptors, Adrenergic,alpha-2B Receptors, Adrenergic,alpha-2C Receptors, Adrenergic,alpha-2C, Adrenergic Receptor,alpha-2D Receptors, Adrenergic,alpha-2b, Adrenergic Receptor
D018342	Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1	A subclass of beta-adrenergic receptors (RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC, BETA). The adrenergic beta-1 receptors are equally sensitive to EPINEPHRINE and NOREPINEPHRINE and bind the agonist DOBUTAMINE and the antagonist METOPROLOL with high affinity. They are found in the HEART, juxtaglomerular cells, and in the central and peripheral nervous systems.	Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor,Adrenergic beta-1 Receptors,Receptors, beta-1 Adrenergic,beta-1 Adrenergic Receptors,Adrenergic Receptor, beta-1,Receptor, Adrenergic, beta-1,beta 1 Adrenergic Receptor,Adrenergic Receptor, beta 1,Adrenergic Receptors, beta-1,Adrenergic beta 1 Receptor,Adrenergic beta 1 Receptors,Receptor, Adrenergic beta-1,Receptor, beta-1 Adrenergic,Receptors, Adrenergic beta-1,Receptors, beta 1 Adrenergic,beta 1 Adrenergic Receptors,beta-1 Adrenergic Receptor,beta-1 Receptor, Adrenergic,beta-1 Receptors, Adrenergic