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In vitro activity of 15 antimicrobial agents against clinical isolates of Clostridium difficile in Kuwait. 2002

Wafaa Y Jamal, and Eiman M Mokaddas, and Tina L Verghese, and V O Rotimi
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University and Mubarak Al-Kabeer Teaching Hospital, P.O. Box 24923, 13110, Safat, Kuwait.

A total of 73 clinical isolates of Clostridium difficile isolated from stool/rectal swabs of patients admitted to the intensive care units at Mubarak Hospital, Ibn Sina Hospital Burn unit and Haematology wards at the Kuwait Cancer Control Centre, were investigated for their susceptibility to 15 antibiotics using the Etest. Amoxycillin-clavulanic acid, ampicillin, meropenem, metronidazole, penicillin, piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam, teicoplanin and vancomycin had excellent activities with MIC(90)s of 0.38, 0.5, 1, 0.19, 1.5, 2, 3, 0.25 and 0.75 mg/l, respectively. Of the 73 C. difficile isolates, 86% were resistant to imipenem (MIC(90) >32 mg/l) and almost 97% were resistant to trovafloxacin (MIC(90)>256 mg/l). Forty eight percent of the isolates were resistant to clindamycin. A total of 18 isolates were highly clindamycin-resistant with an MIC of >256 mg/l; 10 of these were toxin producers. Multiple antibiotic resistance (two or more antibiotics) was noted in 63 isolates. These were more common among the toxigenic strains than the non-toxigenic strains by a ratio of 2.5:1.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007730 Kuwait A country located in the MIDDLE EAST, bordering the Persian Gulf, between IRAQ and SAUDI ARABIA. The capital is Kuwait City.
D008826 Microbial Sensitivity Tests Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses). Bacterial Sensitivity Tests,Drug Sensitivity Assay, Microbial,Minimum Inhibitory Concentration,Antibacterial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Antibiogram,Antimicrobial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Bacterial Sensitivity Test,Breakpoint Determination, Antibacterial Susceptibility,Breakpoint Determination, Antimicrobial Susceptibility,Fungal Drug Sensitivity Tests,Fungus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Sensitivity Test, Bacterial,Sensitivity Tests, Bacterial,Test, Bacterial Sensitivity,Tests, Bacterial Sensitivity,Viral Drug Sensitivity Tests,Virus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Antibiograms,Concentration, Minimum Inhibitory,Concentrations, Minimum Inhibitory,Inhibitory Concentration, Minimum,Inhibitory Concentrations, Minimum,Microbial Sensitivity Test,Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations,Sensitivity Test, Microbial,Sensitivity Tests, Microbial,Test, Microbial Sensitivity,Tests, Microbial Sensitivity
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000900 Anti-Bacterial Agents Substances that inhibit the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA. Anti-Bacterial Agent,Anti-Bacterial Compound,Anti-Mycobacterial Agent,Antibacterial Agent,Antibiotics,Antimycobacterial Agent,Bacteriocidal Agent,Bacteriocide,Anti-Bacterial Compounds,Anti-Mycobacterial Agents,Antibacterial Agents,Antibiotic,Antimycobacterial Agents,Bacteriocidal Agents,Bacteriocides,Agent, Anti-Bacterial,Agent, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agent, Antibacterial,Agent, Antimycobacterial,Agent, Bacteriocidal,Agents, Anti-Bacterial,Agents, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agents, Antibacterial,Agents, Antimycobacterial,Agents, Bacteriocidal,Anti Bacterial Agent,Anti Bacterial Agents,Anti Bacterial Compound,Anti Bacterial Compounds,Anti Mycobacterial Agent,Anti Mycobacterial Agents,Compound, Anti-Bacterial,Compounds, Anti-Bacterial
D016360 Clostridioides difficile A common inhabitant of the colon flora in human infants and sometimes in adults. The type species Clostridioides difficile is formerly known as Clostridium difficile. It is a causative agent for CLOSTRIDIOIDES INFECTIONS and is associated with PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS ENTEROCOLITIS in patients receiving antibiotic therapy. Clostridium difficile
D024881 Drug Resistance, Bacterial The ability of bacteria to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS). Antibiotic Resistance, Bacterial,Antibacterial Drug Resistance

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