Root surface area of the mandibular cuspid and bicuspids. 2002

John K Mowry, and Michael G Ching, and Marc D Orjansen, and Charles M Cobb, and Lynn Roosa Friesen, and Simon R MacNeill, and John W Rapley
Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas 64108, USA.

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine the total root surface area of extracted teeth by computerized image analysis and the amount of remaining attachment area assuming various amounts of bone loss due to periodontal disease. METHODS One hundred fifty extracted mandibular teeth were evaluated, and measured from cusp tip to the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ), CEJ to root apex, and cusp tip to root apex. The fulcrum point of the tooth was also measured, along with the total root surface area of attachment and total surface area of attachment remaining following simulation of attachment loss in 2 mm increments. Measurements were made on 80 teeth on one proximal surface and either the buccal or lingual surface and multiplied by a factor of 2. Measurements on 70 teeth were made on all 4 root surfaces to predict the accuracy of measuring only 2 surfaces to determine root surface area. Images of the tooth surfaces were obtained by video camera and converted to computer image with measurement of the surface areas. RESULTS The total root surface area for the mandibular cuspids and first and second bicuspids was 275.88 mm2, 251.45 mm2, and 271.81 mm2, respectively. The 2-sided and 4-sided measurements for the mandibular first bicuspid were 252.55 mm2 and 247.02 mm2, respectively (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study found the total root surface area to be greater than that in most previous studies. Increasing attachment loss is related to decreasing root surface area; however, this relationship is not directly proportional. No statistical difference was found between measuring 4 surfaces versus only 2 surfaces.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007091 Image Processing, Computer-Assisted A technique of inputting two-dimensional or three-dimensional images into a computer and then enhancing or analyzing the imagery into a form that is more useful to the human observer. Biomedical Image Processing,Computer-Assisted Image Processing,Digital Image Processing,Image Analysis, Computer-Assisted,Image Reconstruction,Medical Image Processing,Analysis, Computer-Assisted Image,Computer-Assisted Image Analysis,Computer Assisted Image Analysis,Computer Assisted Image Processing,Computer-Assisted Image Analyses,Image Analyses, Computer-Assisted,Image Analysis, Computer Assisted,Image Processing, Biomedical,Image Processing, Computer Assisted,Image Processing, Digital,Image Processing, Medical,Image Processings, Medical,Image Reconstructions,Medical Image Processings,Processing, Biomedical Image,Processing, Digital Image,Processing, Medical Image,Processings, Digital Image,Processings, Medical Image,Reconstruction, Image,Reconstructions, Image
D008334 Mandible The largest and strongest bone of the FACE constituting the lower jaw. It supports the lower teeth. Mylohyoid Groove,Mylohyoid Ridge,Groove, Mylohyoid,Grooves, Mylohyoid,Mandibles,Mylohyoid Grooves,Mylohyoid Ridges,Ridge, Mylohyoid,Ridges, Mylohyoid
D009811 Odontometry Measurement of tooth characteristics.
D003481 Cuspid The third tooth to the left and to the right of the midline of either jaw, situated between the second INCISOR and the premolar teeth (BICUSPID). (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p817) Canine Tooth,Canine Teeth,Cuspids,Teeth, Canine,Tooth, Canine
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001641 Bicuspid One of the eight permanent teeth, two on either side in each jaw, between the canines (CUSPID) and the molars (MOLAR), serving for grinding and crushing food. The upper have two cusps (bicuspid) but the lower have one to three. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p822) Premolar,Bicuspids,Premolars
D014070 Tooth One of a set of bone-like structures in the mouth used for biting and chewing. Teeth
D014092 Tooth Root The part of a tooth from the neck to the apex, embedded in the alveolar process and covered with cementum. A root may be single or divided into several branches, usually identified by their relative position, e.g., lingual root or buccal root. Single-rooted teeth include mandibular first and second premolars and the maxillary second premolar teeth. The maxillary first premolar has two roots in most cases. Maxillary molars have three roots. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p690) Root, Tooth,Roots, Tooth,Tooth Roots
D014741 Video Recording The storing or preserving of video signals to be played back later via a transmitter or receiver. Audiovisual Recording,Videorecording,Audiovisual Recordings,Recording, Audiovisual,Recording, Video,Recordings, Audiovisual,Recordings, Video,Video Recordings,Videorecordings
D016301 Alveolar Bone Loss Resorption or wasting of the tooth-supporting bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS) in the MAXILLA or MANDIBLE. Alveolar Resorption,Bone Loss, Alveolar,Bone Loss, Periodontal,Periodontal Bone Loss,Periodontal Resorption,Alveolar Bone Atrophy,Alveolar Process Atrophy,Alveolar Bone Atrophies,Alveolar Bone Losses,Alveolar Process Atrophies,Alveolar Resorptions,Bone Atrophies, Alveolar,Bone Atrophy, Alveolar,Bone Losses, Periodontal,Periodontal Bone Losses,Periodontal Resorptions,Resorption, Alveolar,Resorption, Periodontal,Resorptions, Alveolar

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