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[Protein-creatinine ratio--a simple method for proteinuria assessment in clinical practice]. 2002

Anders Hartmann, and Trond Jenssen, and Karsten Midtvedt, and Anna V Reisaeter, and Per Fauchald, and Tore Henriksen, and Eirik Monn, and Bjørn Christophersen
Nyreseksjonen Medisinsk avdeling, Rikshospitalet 0027 Oslo. anders.hartmann@rikshospitalet.no

BACKGROUND Proteinuria is an indicator of renal disease. Measurement of protein excretion is important for diagnosis and follow-up of renal disease, but measuring 24-hour protein excretion is a cumbersome procedure. METHODS A simplified validated method for measuring excretion is obtained by measuring urine protein/creatinine concentration in a spot urine sample. RESULTS We have implemented such ratios for clinical routine measurements of proteinuria at Rikshospitalet University Hospital in Oslo. Whenever protein or albumin in urine is requested, the laboratory also measures urine creatinine and reports the ratio in mg protein/mmol creatinine. 24-hour excretion is approximately 10 times the ratio. The rationale for using the ratio is given and proteinuria pathophysiology and potential risks and treatment options are discussed. CONCLUSIONS Our experience is that use of the urine protein/creatinine ratio is a significant improvement. Measurements are now routinely made whereas quantification was rarely performed when 24-hour urine samples were used. We recommend that physicians and laboratories implement the use of this ratio in their daily routines.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007678 Kidney Glomerulus A cluster of convoluted capillaries beginning at each nephric tubule in the kidney and held together by connective tissue. Glomerulus, Kidney
D009404 Nephrotic Syndrome A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA, greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss of protein in the urine results in complications such as HYPOPROTEINEMIA; generalized EDEMA; HYPERTENSION; and HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. Diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome generally cause chronic kidney dysfunction. Childhood Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome,Frequently Relapsing Nephrotic Syndrome,Multi-Drug Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome,Pediatric Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome,Steroid-Dependent Nephrotic Syndrome,Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome,Steroid-Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome,Multi Drug Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome,Nephrotic Syndrome, Steroid-Dependent,Nephrotic Syndrome, Steroid-Resistant,Nephrotic Syndrome, Steroid-Sensitive,Nephrotic Syndromes,Steroid Dependent Nephrotic Syndrome,Steroid Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome,Steroid Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome,Steroid-Dependent Nephrotic Syndromes,Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndromes,Steroid-Sensitive Nephrotic Syndromes,Syndrome, Nephrotic,Syndrome, Steroid-Sensitive Nephrotic
D011507 Proteinuria The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES. Proteinurias
D003404 Creatinine Creatinine Sulfate Salt,Krebiozen,Salt, Creatinine Sulfate,Sulfate Salt, Creatinine
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000419 Albuminuria The presence of albumin in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES. Albuminurias
D012680 Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) Specificity,Sensitivity,Specificity and Sensitivity
D016482 Urinalysis Examination of urine by chemical, physical, or microscopic means. Routine urinalysis usually includes performing chemical screening tests, determining specific gravity, observing any unusual color or odor, screening for bacteriuria, and examining the sediment microscopically. Urinalyses

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