Bioavailability of four brands of phenytoin tablets. 1975

P J Pentikäinen, and P J Neuvonen, and S M Elfving

In order to evaluate the bioavailability of four different brands of phenytoin (diphenylhydantoin, DPH) tablets single doses of 600 mg DPH in acid form were given to six volunteers in a cross-over study. A micronized DPH-acid suspension was used as the reference standard. Significant differences between various products were found. The areas under the serum DPH concentration-time curves (AUC) were 26, 59, 68 and 90 per cent of the AUC of the DPH suspension. The peak serum DPH concentrations using the different tablets were 24, 54, 55 and 80 per cent of the peak value of the DPH suspension. It is likely that the differences in bioavailability of the DPH tablets are of clinical significance.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010672 Phenytoin An anticonvulsant that is used to treat a wide variety of seizures. It is also an anti-arrhythmic and a muscle relaxant. The mechanism of therapeutic action is not clear, although several cellular actions have been described including effects on ion channels, active transport, and general membrane stabilization. The mechanism of its muscle relaxant effect appears to involve a reduction in the sensitivity of muscle spindles to stretch. Phenytoin has been proposed for several other therapeutic uses, but its use has been limited by its many adverse effects and interactions with other drugs. Diphenylhydantoin,Fenitoin,Phenhydan,5,5-Diphenylhydantoin,5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,Antisacer,Difenin,Dihydan,Dilantin,Epamin,Epanutin,Hydantol,Phenytoin Sodium,Sodium Diphenylhydantoinate,Diphenylhydantoinate, Sodium
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D001682 Biological Availability The extent to which the active ingredient of a drug dosage form becomes available at the site of drug action or in a biological medium believed to reflect accessibility to a site of action. Availability Equivalency,Bioavailability,Physiologic Availability,Availability, Biologic,Availability, Biological,Availability, Physiologic,Biologic Availability,Availabilities, Biologic,Availabilities, Biological,Availabilities, Physiologic,Availability Equivalencies,Bioavailabilities,Biologic Availabilities,Biological Availabilities,Equivalencies, Availability,Equivalency, Availability,Physiologic Availabilities
D013535 Suspensions Colloids with liquid continuous phase and solid dispersed phase; the term is used loosely also for solid-in-gas (AEROSOLS) and other colloidal systems; water-insoluble drugs may be given as suspensions. Suspension
D013607 Tablets Solid dosage forms, of varying weight, size, and shape, which may be molded or compressed, and which contain a medicinal substance in pure or diluted form. (Dorland, 28th ed) Tablet

Related Publications

P J Pentikäinen, and P J Neuvonen, and S M Elfving
January 1981, Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition,
P J Pentikäinen, and P J Neuvonen, and S M Elfving
January 1985, African journal of medicine and medical sciences,
P J Pentikäinen, and P J Neuvonen, and S M Elfving
March 1982, British journal of clinical pharmacology,
P J Pentikäinen, and P J Neuvonen, and S M Elfving
January 1978, Neurologia i neurochirurgia polska,
P J Pentikäinen, and P J Neuvonen, and S M Elfving
January 1980, Die Pharmazie,
P J Pentikäinen, and P J Neuvonen, and S M Elfving
October 1986, Il Farmaco; edizione pratica,
P J Pentikäinen, and P J Neuvonen, and S M Elfving
July 1979, British journal of clinical pharmacology,
P J Pentikäinen, and P J Neuvonen, and S M Elfving
August 1980, Die Pharmazie,
P J Pentikäinen, and P J Neuvonen, and S M Elfving
October 1990, Pharmaceutisch weekblad. Scientific edition,
P J Pentikäinen, and P J Neuvonen, and S M Elfving
October 1988, International journal of clinical pharmacology, therapy, and toxicology,
Copied contents to your clipboard!