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Carbon paste electrodes modified with Bi(2)O(3) as sensors for the determination of Cd and Pb. 2002

Rasa Pauliukaite, and Radovan Metelka, and Ivan Svancara, and Agnieszka Królicka, and Andrzej Bobrowski, and Karel Vytras, and Eugenijus Norkus, and Kurt Kalcher
Institute of Chemistry, Department of Kinetics and Catalysis, 2600 Vilnius, Lithuania.

Carbon paste electrodes bulk-modified with Bi(2)O(3)were used for the determination of Cd(II) and Pb(II). The best composition was 1% (wt%) Bi(2)O(3) in the paste. The measurements were made by differential pulse voltammetry in the potential range from -1.2 V to -0.3 V. The peak potential of the reoxidation of Cd is -0.85 V, and of Pb -0.60 V vs. SCE. The lowest concentration that could be determined was 5 microg L(-1) of both metals (preconcentration time 240 s), the relative standard deviation was 3.5%-5.0% (four determinations). The correlation coefficient ( r(2)) of the calibration curves was 0.9966 (for Cd) and 0.9971 (for Pb). The Bi(2)O(3)-modified electrode could be used for the analysis of drinking water, mineral water and urine.

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