Podocytes, parietal cells, and glomerular pathology: the role of cell cycle proteins. 2003

Michio Nagata, and Shinsuke Tomari, and Katsuyoshi Kanemoto, and Joichi Usui, and Kevin V Lemley
Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Tsukuba, Japan. nagatam@md.tsukuba.ac.jp

Podocytes are highly differentiated cells that play a central role in glomerular function. Cell cycle quiescence sustained by the tight regulation of cell cycle molecules seems to be the basis of podocyte differentiation, as reflected in reciprocal expression of cyclins and cyclin kinase inhibitors (CKIs) during glomerulogenesis, concurrent with the expression of podocyte-specific markers. In addition, cell cycle re-entry by podocytes, accompanied by down-regulation of CKIs, leads to either nuclear division without cytokinesis or to marked cell proliferation, both of which result in heavy proteinuria and progressive glomerulosclerosis. These observations suggest that proper cell cycle regulation in podocytes is pivotal for their role in glomerular function and that dysregulation of this system plays a role in glomerular pathology. This review discusses the role of cell cycle molecules in the differentiation, function, and pathology of podocytes.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007678 Kidney Glomerulus A cluster of convoluted capillaries beginning at each nephric tubule in the kidney and held together by connective tissue. Glomerulus, Kidney
D002453 Cell Cycle The complex series of phenomena, occurring between the end of one CELL DIVISION and the end of the next, by which cellular material is duplicated and then divided between two daughter cells. The cell cycle includes INTERPHASE, which includes G0 PHASE; G1 PHASE; S PHASE; and G2 PHASE, and CELL DIVISION PHASE. Cell Division Cycle,Cell Cycles,Cell Division Cycles,Cycle, Cell,Cycle, Cell Division,Cycles, Cell,Cycles, Cell Division,Division Cycle, Cell,Division Cycles, Cell
D002454 Cell Differentiation Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs. Differentiation, Cell,Cell Differentiations,Differentiations, Cell
D004791 Enzyme Inhibitors Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction. Enzyme Inhibitor,Inhibitor, Enzyme,Inhibitors, Enzyme
D004847 Epithelial Cells Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells. Adenomatous Epithelial Cells,Columnar Glandular Epithelial Cells,Cuboidal Glandular Epithelial Cells,Glandular Epithelial Cells,Squamous Cells,Squamous Epithelial Cells,Transitional Epithelial Cells,Adenomatous Epithelial Cell,Cell, Adenomatous Epithelial,Cell, Epithelial,Cell, Glandular Epithelial,Cell, Squamous,Cell, Squamous Epithelial,Cell, Transitional Epithelial,Cells, Adenomatous Epithelial,Cells, Epithelial,Cells, Glandular Epithelial,Cells, Squamous,Cells, Squamous Epithelial,Cells, Transitional Epithelial,Epithelial Cell,Epithelial Cell, Adenomatous,Epithelial Cell, Glandular,Epithelial Cell, Squamous,Epithelial Cell, Transitional,Epithelial Cells, Adenomatous,Epithelial Cells, Glandular,Epithelial Cells, Squamous,Epithelial Cells, Transitional,Glandular Epithelial Cell,Squamous Cell,Squamous Epithelial Cell,Transitional Epithelial Cell
D005923 Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental A clinicopathological syndrome or diagnostic term for a type of glomerular injury that has multiple causes, primary or secondary. Clinical features include PROTEINURIA, reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE, and EDEMA. Kidney biopsy initially indicates focal segmental glomerular consolidation (hyalinosis) or scarring which can progress to globally sclerotic glomeruli leading to eventual KIDNEY FAILURE. Glomerulonephritis, Focal Sclerosing,Hyalinosis, Segmental Glomerular,Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis,Glomerulosclerosis, Focal,Hyalinosis, Segmental,Segmental Glomerular Hyalinosis,Focal Glomerulosclerosis,Focal Sclerosing Glomerulonephritides,Focal Sclerosing Glomerulonephritis,Glomerular Hyalinosis, Segmental,Glomerulonephritides, Focal Sclerosing,Sclerosing Glomerulonephritides, Focal,Sclerosing Glomerulonephritis, Focal,Segmental Glomerulosclerosis, Focal,Segmental Hyalinosis
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D018844 Cyclin-Dependent Kinases Protein kinases that control cell cycle progression in all eukaryotes and require physical association with CYCLINS to achieve full enzymatic activity. Cyclin-dependent kinases are regulated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation events. Cyclin-Dependent Kinase,Cyclin-Dependent Protein Kinase,cdk Proteins,Cyclin-Dependent Protein Kinases,Cyclin Dependent Kinase,Cyclin Dependent Kinases,Cyclin Dependent Protein Kinase,Cyclin Dependent Protein Kinases,Kinase, Cyclin-Dependent,Kinase, Cyclin-Dependent Protein,Protein Kinase, Cyclin-Dependent

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