Biomaterial Database

Protein synthesis in liver injury. Soluble factors of protein synthesis in the cytosol from ischemic rat liver. 1976

F Cajone, and L Schiaffonati, and A Bernelli-Zazzera

The high speed supernatant (cell sap) obtained from ischemic livers is less efficient than normal in supporting protein synthesis in cell-free systems. Cell saps from ischemic livers contain a reduced amount of transfer-RNA; the transfer of leucine to the specific tRNA is impaired; the incorporation of leucyl-tRNA into protein is reduced, although less than the incorporation of the corresponding amino acid. The binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to ribosomal subunits and exogenous messengers (polyuridylic acid and uridyl-3'-5'-uridyl-3'-5'-guanosine), is less efficient with ischemic than with normal cells sap, thus indicating a defective activity of elongation factor 1. The total amount-and possibly the intracellular distribution-of elongation factor 2 is also altered in ischemic livers. These changes, which are the expression of a multifunctional deficit of ischemic cell sap, are in general correlated with the duration of ischemia and do not seem to appear around the "point of no return" of the ischemic liver cells.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007511	Ischemia	A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION.	Ischemias
D007930	Leucine	An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.	L-Leucine,Leucine, L-Isomer,L-Isomer Leucine,Leucine, L Isomer
D008099	Liver	A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.	Livers
D008107	Liver Diseases	Pathological processes of the LIVER.	Liver Dysfunction,Disease, Liver,Diseases, Liver,Dysfunction, Liver,Dysfunctions, Liver,Liver Disease,Liver Dysfunctions
D011132	Polyribosomes	A multiribosomal structure representing a linear array of RIBOSOMES held together by messenger RNA; (RNA, MESSENGER); They represent the active complexes in cellular protein synthesis and are able to incorporate amino acids into polypeptides both in vivo and in vitro. (From Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)	Polysomes,Polyribosome,Polysome
D002458	Cell Fractionation	Techniques to partition various components of the cell into SUBCELLULAR FRACTIONS.	Cell Fractionations,Fractionation, Cell,Fractionations, Cell
D003600	Cytosol	Intracellular fluid from the cytoplasm after removal of ORGANELLES and other insoluble cytoplasmic components.	Cytosols
D000604	Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases	A subclass of enzymes that aminoacylate AMINO ACID-SPECIFIC TRANSFER RNA with their corresponding AMINO ACIDS.	Amino Acyl T RNA Synthetases,Amino Acyl-tRNA Ligases,Aminoacyl Transfer RNA Synthetase,Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase,Transfer RNA Synthetase,tRNA Synthetase,Acyl-tRNA Ligases, Amino,Acyl-tRNA Synthetases, Amino,Amino Acyl tRNA Ligases,Amino Acyl tRNA Synthetases,Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetase,Ligases, Amino Acyl-tRNA,RNA Synthetase, Transfer,Synthetase, Aminoacyl-tRNA,Synthetase, Transfer RNA,Synthetase, tRNA,Synthetases, Amino Acyl-tRNA
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012270	Ribosomes	Multicomponent ribonucleoprotein structures found in the CYTOPLASM of all cells, and in MITOCHONDRIA, and PLASTIDS. They function in PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS via GENETIC TRANSLATION.	Ribosome