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Indefinite islet protection from autoimmune destruction in nonobese diabetic mice by agarose microencapsulation without immunosuppression. 2003

Tsunehiro Kobayashi, and Yukio Aomatsu, and Hiroo Iwata, and Tatsuya Kin, and Hiromichi Kanehiro, and Michiyoshi Hisanaga, and Saiho Ko, and Mitsuo Nagao, and Yoshiyuki Nakajima
First Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan. tsunehirokobayashi@hotmail.com.

BACKGROUND The recurrence of autoimmunity and allograft rejection act as major barriers to the widespread use of islet transplantation as a cure for type 1 diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of immunoisolation by use of an agarose microcapsule to prevent autoimmune recurrence after islet transplantation. METHODS Highly purified islets were isolated from 6- to 8-week-old prediabetic male nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and microencapsulated in 5% agarose hydrogel as a semipermeable membrane. Islet function was evaluated by a syngeneic islet transplantation model, in which islets were transplanted into spontaneously diabetic NOD mice. RESULTS The nonencapsulated islet grafts were destroyed and diabetes recurred within 2 weeks after transplantation in all 12 mice. In contrast, 13 of the 16 mice that underwent transplantation with microencapsulated islets maintained normoglycemia for more than 100 days after islet transplantation. Histologic examination of the nonencapsulated islet grafts showed massive mononuclear cellular infiltration with beta-cell destruction. In contrast, the microencapsulated islets showed well-granulated beta cells with no mononuclear cellular infiltration around the microcapsules or in the accompanying blood capillaries between the microcapsules. CONCLUSIONS Agarose microcapsules were able to completely protect NOD islet isografts from autoimmune destruction in the syngeneic islet transplantation model.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007165 Immunosuppression Therapy Deliberate prevention or diminution of the host's immune response. It may be nonspecific as in the administration of immunosuppressive agents (drugs or radiation) or by lymphocyte depletion or may be specific as in desensitization or the simultaneous administration of antigen and immunosuppressive drugs. Antirejection Therapy,Immunosuppression,Immunosuppressive Therapy,Anti-Rejection Therapy,Therapy, Anti-Rejection,Therapy, Antirejection,Anti Rejection Therapy,Anti-Rejection Therapies,Antirejection Therapies,Immunosuppression Therapies,Immunosuppressions,Immunosuppressive Therapies,Therapies, Immunosuppression,Therapies, Immunosuppressive,Therapy, Immunosuppression,Therapy, Immunosuppressive
D008297 Male Males
D009852 Omentum A double-layered fold of peritoneum that attaches the STOMACH to other organs in the ABDOMINAL CAVITY. Omentums
D002214 Capsules Hard or soft soluble containers used for the oral administration of medicine. Capsule,Microcapsule,Microcapsules
D003922 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence. Diabetes Mellitus, Brittle,Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent,Diabetes Mellitus, Juvenile-Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Ketosis-Prone,Diabetes Mellitus, Sudden-Onset,Diabetes, Autoimmune,IDDM,Autoimmune Diabetes,Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, 1,Diabetes Mellitus, Type I,Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus 1,Juvenile-Onset Diabetes,Type 1 Diabetes,Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus,Brittle Diabetes Mellitus,Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin Dependent,Diabetes Mellitus, Juvenile Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Ketosis Prone,Diabetes Mellitus, Sudden Onset,Diabetes, Juvenile-Onset,Diabetes, Type 1,Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus 1,Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus,Juvenile Onset Diabetes,Juvenile-Onset Diabetes Mellitus,Ketosis-Prone Diabetes Mellitus,Sudden-Onset Diabetes Mellitus
D005951 Glucose Tolerance Test A test to determine the ability of an individual to maintain HOMEOSTASIS of BLOOD GLUCOSE. It includes measuring blood glucose levels in a fasting state, and at prescribed intervals before and after oral glucose intake (75 or 100 g) or intravenous infusion (0.5 g/kg). Intravenous Glucose Tolerance,Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test,OGTT,Oral Glucose Tolerance,Oral Glucose Tolerance Test,Glucose Tolerance Tests,Glucose Tolerance, Oral
D006085 Graft Survival The survival of a graft in a host, the factors responsible for the survival and the changes occurring within the graft during growth in the host. Graft Survivals,Survival, Graft,Survivals, Graft
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012685 Sepharose Agarose,Sepharose 4B,Sepharose C1 4B,4B, Sepharose C1,C1 4B, Sepharose
D015551 Autoimmunity Process whereby the immune system reacts against the body's own tissues. Autoimmunity may produce or be caused by AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. Autoimmune Response,Autoimmune Responses,Autoimmunities

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