Biomaterial Database

[Aminoglycoside antibiotics from a clinical viewpoint]. 1976

R Lüthy

Indications, side effects, dosage and pharmacokinetic properties of gentamicin, tobramycin, sisomicin, kanamycin and amikacin are reviewed. Different aspects of aminoglycoside antibiotics in combination with beta-lactam antibiotics are briefly discussed. Finally, the indications for the assay of serum levels of aminoglycosides are listed. Gentamicin, tobramycin and sisomicin appear to be very similar with regard to in vitro performance, clinical efficacy and pharmacology. Ototoxic and nephrotoxic side effects are observed - in decreasing order of frequency - with sisomicin, gentamicin and tobramycin. The advantage of amikacin is its stability against enzymatic inactivation, which should make it an agent of first choice against aminoglycoside-resistant gram-negative bacteria.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007674	Kidney Diseases	Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.	Disease, Kidney,Diseases, Kidney,Kidney Disease
D009468	Neuromuscular Diseases	A general term encompassing lower MOTOR NEURON DISEASE; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; and certain MUSCULAR DISEASES. Manifestations include MUSCLE WEAKNESS; FASCICULATION; muscle ATROPHY; SPASM; MYOKYMIA; MUSCLE HYPERTONIA, myalgias, and MUSCLE HYPOTONIA.	Amyotonia Congenita,Oppenheim Disease,Cramp-Fasciculation Syndrome,Fasciculation-Cramp Syndrome, Benign,Foley-Denny-Brown Syndrome,Oppenheim's Disease,Benign Fasciculation-Cramp Syndrome,Benign Fasciculation-Cramp Syndromes,Cramp Fasciculation Syndrome,Cramp-Fasciculation Syndromes,Fasciculation Cramp Syndrome, Benign,Fasciculation-Cramp Syndromes, Benign,Foley Denny Brown Syndrome,Neuromuscular Disease,Oppenheims Disease,Syndrome, Cramp-Fasciculation,Syndrome, Foley-Denny-Brown,Syndromes, Cramp-Fasciculation
D004338	Drug Combinations	Single preparations containing two or more active agents, for the purpose of their concurrent administration as a fixed dose mixture.	Drug Combination,Combination, Drug,Combinations, Drug
D004342	Drug Hypersensitivity	Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally.	Allergy, Drug,Hypersensitivity, Drug,Drug Allergy,Allergies, Drug,Drug Allergies,Drug Hypersensitivities,Hypersensitivities, Drug
D004427	Ear Diseases	Pathological processes of the ear, the hearing, and the equilibrium system of the body.	Otologic Diseases,Otological Diseases,Disease, Ear,Disease, Otologic,Disease, Otological,Ear Disease,Otologic Disease,Otological Disease
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000617	Aminoglycosides	Glycosylated compounds in which there is an amino substituent on the glycoside. Some of them are clinically important ANTIBIOTICS.	Aminoglycoside
D001424	Bacterial Infections	Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified.	Bacterial Disease,Bacterial Infection,Infection, Bacterial,Infections, Bacterial,Bacterial Diseases