Biomaterial Database

Electroencephalographic study of children during ketamine anesthesia. 1976

I Rosén, and M Hägerdal

EEG was recorded on nine occasions of ketamine anesthesia in eight children. Two of the patients were neurologically normal and six were under investigation for various neurological disorders. The EEG during the catatonic phase of ketamine anesthesia is characterized by alternating high amplitude delta complexes and periods of fast activity. The two cases which in the routine EEG showed focal paroxysmal activity did not show any electroencephalographic aggravation or clinical seizure during ketamine influence. One case exhibiting a subcortical type of epileptiform activity showed a marked potentiation of this activity with ketamine. On routine neurological examination during the catatonic phase of ketamine anesthesia the pharyngeal reflex was generally weak and failed altogether in two cases and corneal reflexes were absent in three cases.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007649	Ketamine	A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.	2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone,CI-581,Calipsol,Calypsol,Kalipsol,Ketalar,Ketamine Hydrochloride,Ketanest,Ketaset,CI 581,CI581
D001921	Brain	The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.	Encephalon
D002389	Catatonia	A neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by one or more of the following essential features: immobility, mutism, negativism (active or passive refusal to follow commands), mannerisms, stereotypies, posturing, grimacing, excitement, echolalia, echopraxia, muscular rigidity, and stupor; sometimes punctuated by sudden violent outbursts, panic, or hallucinations. This condition may be associated with psychiatric illnesses (e.g., SCHIZOPHRENIA; MOOD DISORDERS) or organic disorders (NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME; ENCEPHALITIS, etc.). (From DSM-IV, 4th ed, 1994; APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 1994)	Catatonia, Malignant,Catatonia, Organic,Lethal Catatonia,Organic Catatonic Disorder,Schizophreniform Catatonia,Catatonia, Lethal,Catatonia, Schizophreniform,Catatonias,Catatonias, Lethal,Catatonias, Malignant,Catatonias, Organic,Catatonias, Schizophreniform,Catatonic Disorder, Organic,Catatonic Disorders, Organic,Lethal Catatonias,Malignant Catatonia,Malignant Catatonias,Organic Catatonia,Organic Catatonias,Organic Catatonic Disorders,Schizophreniform Catatonias
D002648	Child	A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL.	Children
D002675	Child, Preschool	A child between the ages of 2 and 5.	Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D004569	Electroencephalography	Recording of electric currents developed in the brain by means of electrodes applied to the scalp, to the surface of the brain, or placed within the substance of the brain.	EEG,Electroencephalogram,Electroencephalograms
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000200	Action Potentials	Abrupt changes in the membrane potential that sweep along the CELL MEMBRANE of excitable cells in response to excitation stimuli.	Spike Potentials,Nerve Impulses,Action Potential,Impulse, Nerve,Impulses, Nerve,Nerve Impulse,Potential, Action,Potential, Spike,Potentials, Action,Potentials, Spike,Spike Potential
D000293	Adolescent	A person 13 to 18 years of age.	Adolescence,Youth,Adolescents,Adolescents, Female,Adolescents, Male,Teenagers,Teens,Adolescent, Female,Adolescent, Male,Female Adolescent,Female Adolescents,Male Adolescent,Male Adolescents,Teen,Teenager,Youths
D000768	Anesthesia, General	Procedure in which patients are induced into an unconscious state through use of various medications so that they do not feel pain during surgery.	Anesthesias, General,General Anesthesia,General Anesthesias