Formation of neurospheres from human embryonal carcinoma stem cells. 2003

Grace M Horrocks, and Lyndsey Lauder, and Rebecca Stewart, and Stefan Przyborski
School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.

Embryonal carcinoma (EC) stem cells derived from germ cell tumours are valuable tools for the study of embryogenesis and closely resemble embryonic stem cells. When human TERA2.cl.SP12 EC cells are exposed to retinoic acid and grown as adherent monolayers, approximately 10-15% of cells commit toward becoming neurons whilst the remainder of cells produce non-neuronal cell types. Using established protocols it is possible to isolate and purify neurons from these cultures but such a process takes several weeks and the numbers of neurons produced are relatively low. In this study, we describe the development of novel procedures to enhance neuronal productivity with dramatically increased efficiency, which will be of value for research purposes and drug discovery programmes.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009474 Neurons The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM. Nerve Cells,Cell, Nerve,Cells, Nerve,Nerve Cell,Neuron
D002454 Cell Differentiation Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs. Differentiation, Cell,Cell Differentiations,Differentiations, Cell
D002999 Clone Cells A group of genetically identical cells all descended from a single common ancestral cell by mitosis in eukaryotes or by binary fission in prokaryotes. Clone cells also include populations of recombinant DNA molecules all carrying the same inserted sequence. (From King & Stansfield, Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed) Clones,Cell, Clone,Cells, Clone,Clone,Clone Cell
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000954 Antigens, Surface Antigens on surfaces of cells, including infectious or foreign cells or viruses. They are usually protein-containing groups on cell membranes or walls and may be isolated. Cell Surface Antigens,Surface Antigens,Surface Markers, Immunological,Cell Surface Antigen,Immunologic Surface Markers,Markers, Immunological Surface,Surface Antigen,Surface Markers, Immunologic,Antigen, Cell Surface,Antigen, Surface,Antigens, Cell Surface,Immunological Surface Markers,Markers, Immunologic Surface,Surface Antigen, Cell,Surface Antigens, Cell
D014411 Neoplastic Stem Cells Highly proliferative, self-renewing, and colony-forming stem cells which give rise to NEOPLASMS. Cancer Stem Cells,Colony-Forming Units, Neoplastic,Stem Cells, Neoplastic,Tumor Stem Cells,Neoplastic Colony-Forming Units,Tumor Initiating Cells,Cancer Stem Cell,Cell, Cancer Stem,Cell, Neoplastic Stem,Cell, Tumor Initiating,Cell, Tumor Stem,Cells, Cancer Stem,Cells, Neoplastic Stem,Cells, Tumor Initiating,Cells, Tumor Stem,Colony Forming Units, Neoplastic,Colony-Forming Unit, Neoplastic,Initiating Cell, Tumor,Initiating Cells, Tumor,Neoplastic Colony Forming Units,Neoplastic Colony-Forming Unit,Neoplastic Stem Cell,Stem Cell, Cancer,Stem Cell, Neoplastic,Stem Cell, Tumor,Stem Cells, Cancer,Stem Cells, Tumor,Tumor Initiating Cell,Tumor Stem Cell,Unit, Neoplastic Colony-Forming,Units, Neoplastic Colony-Forming
D054278 Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells The malignant stem cells of TERATOCARCINOMAS, which resemble pluripotent stem cells of the BLASTOCYST INNER CELL MASS. The EC cells can be grown in vitro, and experimentally induced to differentiate. They are used as a model system for studying early embryonic cell differentiation. Embryonal Carcinoma Cells,F9 Embryonal Carcinoma Cells,F9 Teratocarcinoma Stem Cells,Teratocarcinoma Stem Cells,Carcinoma Cell, Embryonal,Carcinoma Cells, Embryonal,Cell, Embryonal Carcinoma,Cell, Teratocarcinoma Stem,Cells, Embryonal Carcinoma,Cells, Teratocarcinoma Stem,Embryonal Carcinoma Cell,Stem Cell, Teratocarcinoma,Stem Cells, Teratocarcinoma,Teratocarcinoma Stem Cell
D018236 Carcinoma, Embryonal A highly malignant, primitive form of carcinoma, probably of germinal cell or teratomatous derivation, usually arising in a gonad and rarely in other sites. It is rare in the female ovary, but in the male it accounts for 20% of all testicular tumors. (From Dorland, 27th ed & Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1595) Carcinomas, Embryonal,Embryonal Carcinoma,Embryonal Carcinomas
D018929 Cell Culture Techniques Methods for maintaining or growing CELLS in vitro. Cell Culture,Cell Culture Technique,Cell Cultures,Culture Technique, Cell,Culture Techniques, Cell

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