Biomaterial Database

Xylose absorption and its clinical significance. 1976

J T Hindmarsh

1. Xylose absorption by the small intestine probably includes an active process. 2. For xylose testing, the 25-g dose appears to be preferable to 5 g. 3. Factors that influence the test result include intestinal bacterial overgrowth, reduced xylose metabolism in cases of liver disease, sequestration into ascites, age, and the state of renal function. 4. The test results differentiate patients with extensive disease of the upper small intestine from normal subjects, and from patients with steatorrhoea due to pancreatic insufficiency, in most but not all instances. Blood xylose levels combined with urinary xylose output aids discrimination.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007408	Intestinal Absorption	Uptake of substances through the lining of the INTESTINES.	Absorption, Intestinal
D007410	Intestinal Diseases	Pathological processes in any segment of the INTESTINE from DUODENUM to RECTUM.	Disease, Intestinal,Diseases, Intestinal,Intestinal Disease
D007413	Intestinal Mucosa	Lining of the INTESTINES, consisting of an inner EPITHELIUM, a middle LAMINA PROPRIA, and an outer MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE. In the SMALL INTESTINE, the mucosa is characterized by a series of folds and abundance of absorptive cells (ENTEROCYTES) with MICROVILLI.	Intestinal Epithelium,Intestinal Glands,Epithelium, Intestinal,Gland, Intestinal,Glands, Intestinal,Intestinal Gland,Mucosa, Intestinal
D007421	Intestine, Small	The portion of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT between the PYLORUS of the STOMACH and the ILEOCECAL VALVE of the LARGE INTESTINE. It is divisible into three portions: the DUODENUM, the JEJUNUM, and the ILEUM.	Small Intestine,Intestines, Small,Small Intestines
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001693	Biological Transport, Active	The movement of materials across cell membranes and epithelial layers against an electrochemical gradient, requiring the expenditure of metabolic energy.	Active Transport,Uphill Transport,Active Biological Transport,Biologic Transport, Active,Transport, Active Biological,Active Biologic Transport,Transport, Active,Transport, Active Biologic,Transport, Uphill
D013237	Stereoisomerism	The phenomenon whereby compounds whose molecules have the same number and kind of atoms and the same atomic arrangement, but differ in their spatial relationships. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)	Molecular Stereochemistry,Stereoisomers,Stereochemistry, Molecular,Stereoisomer
D014994	Xylose		D-Xylose,D Xylose