Biomaterial Database

Essential fatty acid deficiency in human adults during total parenteral nutrition. 1975

M C Riella, and J W Broviac, and M Wells, and B H Scribner

Three patients undergoing prolonged total parenteral nutrition at home developed skin lesions, characterized by dryness and scaly appearance, initially confined to the folds but becoming subsequently generalized. Fatty acid measurements in plasma of these patients showed a markedly abnormal lipid pattern: accumulation of 5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid (20:3omega9) and a high 20:3omega9-to-20:4omega6 ratio. When parenteral fat (Intralipid) was administered, 500 ml/day, serial measurements of fatty acids showed a progressive normalization of the abnormal pattern and a dramatic improvement in the skin lesions. It appears that the daily requirement for linoleic acid in the adult, particularly during the period of rapid anabolism, has not been clearly established. Because more and more patients are becoming partly or totally dependent on parenteral nutrition for prolonged periods of time, the availability of parenteral fat preparations is urgently needed.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D010288	Parenteral Nutrition	The administering of nutrients for assimilation and utilization by a patient who cannot maintain adequate nutrition by enteral feeding alone. Nutrients are administered by a route other than the alimentary canal (e.g., intravenously, subcutaneously).	Intravenous Feeding,Nutrition, Parenteral,Parenteral Feeding,Feeding, Intravenous,Feeding, Parenteral,Feedings, Intravenous,Feedings, Parenteral,Intravenous Feedings,Parenteral Feedings
D010289	Parenteral Nutrition, Total	The delivery of nutrients for assimilation and utilization by a patient whose sole source of nutrients is via solutions administered intravenously, subcutaneously, or by some other non-alimentary route. The basic components of TPN solutions are protein hydrolysates or free amino acid mixtures, monosaccharides, and electrolytes. Components are selected for their ability to reverse catabolism, promote anabolism, and build structural proteins.	Hyperalimentation, Parenteral,Intravenous Hyperalimentation,Nutrition, Total Parenteral,Parenteral Hyperalimentation,Total Parenteral Nutrition,Hyperalimentation, Intravenous
D003873	Dermatitis, Exfoliative	The widespread involvement of the skin by a scaly, erythematous dermatitis occurring either as a secondary or reactive process to an underlying cutaneous disorder (e.g., atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, etc.), or as a primary or idiopathic disease. It is often associated with the loss of hair and nails, hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles, and pruritus. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	Dermatitis Exfoliative,Dermatitis Exfoliative Generalised,Dermatitis Exfoliative Generalized,Erythroderma,Dermatitis Exfoliativa,Dermatitis Exfoliative Generaliseds,Dermatitis Exfoliatives,Erythrodermas,Exfoliative Dermatitides,Exfoliative Dermatitis,Exfoliative Generalised, Dermatitis,Exfoliative Generalized, Dermatitis,Exfoliative, Dermatitis,Exfoliatives, Dermatitis,Generalised, Dermatitis Exfoliative
D005223	Fats	The glyceryl esters of a fatty acid, or of a mixture of fatty acids. They are generally odorless, colorless, and tasteless if pure, but they may be flavored according to origin. Fats are insoluble in water, soluble in most organic solvents. They occur in animal and vegetable tissue and are generally obtained by boiling or by extraction under pressure. They are important in the diet (DIETARY FATS) as a source of energy. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
D005228	Fatty Acids, Essential	Long chain organic acid molecules that must be obtained from the diet. Examples are LINOLEIC ACIDS and LINOLENIC ACIDS.	Acids, Essential Fatty,Essential Fatty Acids
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000293	Adolescent	A person 13 to 18 years of age.	Adolescence,Youth,Adolescents,Adolescents, Female,Adolescents, Male,Teenagers,Teens,Adolescent, Female,Adolescent, Male,Female Adolescent,Female Adolescents,Male Adolescent,Male Adolescents,Teen,Teenager,Youths