Biomaterial Database

Enhancement of mucosal immune responses by chimeric influenza HA/SHIV virus-like particles. 2003

Qizhi Yao

To enhance mucosal immune responses using simian-human immunodeficiency virus-like particles (SHIV VLPs) as a mucosal HIV vaccine, we have produced phenotypically mixed, chimeric influenza HA/SHIV 89.6 VLPs and used them to immunize C57B/6J mice intranasally. Systemic and mucosal antibody responses, as well as cytotoxic T cell (CTL) responses, were compared in groups immunized with SHIV 89.6 VLPs or HA/SHIV 89.6 VLPs. Intranasal immunizations were given using VLPs either with or without the addition of the mucosal adjuvant cholera toxin. Total serum IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a, and IgA in saliva, vaginal lavage, lung wash, and fecal extracts were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The level of serum IgG production to HIV Env was highest in the group immunized with chimeric HA/SHIV 89.6 VLPs. Similarly, mucosal IgA production was also enhanced in the mucosal HA/SHIV 89.6 VLP-immunized group. Analysis of the IgG1/IgG2a ratio indicated that a Th1-oriented immune response resulted from these VLP immunizations. High levels of serum IgG and mucosal IgA against influenza virus were also detected in mice immunized with HA/SHIV VLPs. HA/SHIV 89.6 VLP-immunized mice also showed significantly higher CTL responses than those observed in SHIV 89.6 VLP-immunized mice. Furthermore, a Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)-class-I-restricted T cell activation ELISPOT assay showed elevated interferon-gamma, interleukin-2, and interleukin-12 production in HA/SHIV 89.6 VLP-immunized mice, indicating that phenotypically mixed HA/SHIV 89.6 VLPs can enhance both humoral and cellular immune responses at multiple mucosal sites. Therefore, chimeric HA-containing VLPs represent a potential approach for mucosal immunization for prevention of HIV infection.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008810	Mice, Inbred C57BL	One of the first INBRED MOUSE STRAINS to be sequenced. This strain is commonly used as genetic background for transgenic mouse models. Refractory to many tumors, this strain is also preferred model for studying role of genetic variations in development of diseases.	Mice, C57BL,Mouse, C57BL,Mouse, Inbred C57BL,C57BL Mice,C57BL Mice, Inbred,C57BL Mouse,C57BL Mouse, Inbred,Inbred C57BL Mice,Inbred C57BL Mouse
D009975	Orthomyxoviridae	A family of RNA viruses causing INFLUENZA and other respiratory diseases. Orthomyxoviridae includes INFLUENZAVIRUS A; INFLUENZAVIRUS B; INFLUENZAVIRUS C; INFLUENZAVIRUS D; ISAVIRUS; and THOGOTOVIRUS.	Influenza Viruses,Myxoviruses,Orthomyxoviruses,Influenza Virus,Myxovirus,Orthomyxovirus
D002678	Chimera	An individual that contains cell populations derived from different zygotes.	Hybrids,Chimeras,Hybrid
D006678	HIV	Human immunodeficiency virus. A non-taxonomic and historical term referring to any of two species, specifically HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. Prior to 1986, this was called human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV). From 1986-1990, it was an official species called HIV. Since 1991, HIV was no longer considered an official species name; the two species were designated HIV-1 and HIV-2.	AIDS Virus,HTLV-III,Human Immunodeficiency Viruses,Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type III,Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type III,LAV-HTLV-III,Lymphadenopathy-Associated Virus,Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Virus,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Virus,Human Immunodeficiency Virus,Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type III,Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type III,Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type III,Immunodeficiency Virus, Human,Immunodeficiency Viruses, Human,Virus, Human Immunodeficiency,Viruses, Human Immunodeficiency,AIDS Viruses,Human T Cell Leukemia Virus Type III,Lymphadenopathy Associated Virus,Lymphadenopathy-Associated Viruses,Virus, AIDS,Virus, Lymphadenopathy-Associated,Viruses, AIDS,Viruses, Lymphadenopathy-Associated
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014771	Virion	The infective system of a virus, composed of the viral genome, a protein core, and a protein coat called a capsid, which may be naked or enclosed in a lipoprotein envelope called the peplos.	Virus Particle,Viral Particle,Viral Particles,Particle, Viral,Particle, Virus,Particles, Viral,Particles, Virus,Virions,Virus Particles
D015302	Simian Immunodeficiency Virus	Species of the genus LENTIVIRUS, subgenus primate immunodeficiency viruses (IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES, PRIMATE), that induces acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in monkeys and apes (SAIDS). The genetic organization of SIV is virtually identical to HIV.	SIV (Simian immunodeficiency virus),Immunodeficiency Viruses, Simian,Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses,Immunodeficiency Virus, Simian
D051379	Mice	The common name for the genus Mus.	Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus
D018928	Immunity, Mucosal	Nonsusceptibility to the pathogenic effects of foreign microorganisms or antigenic substances as a result of antibody secretions of the mucous membranes. Mucosal epithelia in the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and reproductive tracts produce a form of IgA (IMMUNOGLOBULIN A, SECRETORY) that serves to protect these ports of entry into the body.	Immune Response, Mucosal,Mucosal Immunity,Immune Responses, Mucosal,Mucosal Immune Response,Mucosal Immune Responses