OBJECTIVE This paper describes complications due to the posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy in one patient. METHODS Medical history of misdiagnosis and subsequent wrong procedures, to which patient with binocular posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy was exposed, where presented. The eye misdiagnosed with profound keratitis was initially treated with high doses of steroids, what could possibly lead to extensive fungal corneal ulceration and complicated cataract. RESULTS Thanks to the detailed examination of the fellow eye in the slit lamp and specular microscope, correct diagnosis was made. CONCLUSIONS Since posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy is one of the rare conditions, especially with coexisting eye irritation, wrong diagnosis of this disorder is possible to be made. Therefore, extremely important in every day ophthalmological practice precise examination of the both eyes and special care during steroid treatment is essential.