Biomaterial Database

Effect of ethanol on water and chloride transport in the rat papillary collecting duct. 1992

C Ray, and S L Carney, and A H Gillies

Faculty of Medicine, University of Newcastle, Department of Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Australia.

While it is believed that the effect of ethanol on human renal water homeostasis is indirect, amphibian membrane experiments have demonstrated direct effects albeit at high concentrations. To evaluate the direct effect of ethanol, diffusional water and chloride permeability was simultaneously measured in isolated rat papillary collecting ducts with increasing concentrations of ethanol (0, 0.12, 0.24, 0.48, 0.96 and 1.92 g%) both in the presence and absence of arginine vasopressin (AVP). Low concentration of ethanol (0.12 g%) increased basal water permeability by 9%. With increasing concentrations it then fell to control levels (0.48 g%) only to increase again with concentrations of 0.96 and 1.92 g% to a maximum increase of 26%. Similar changes in chloride permeability occurred. Water permeability in the presence of submaximal concentrations of AVP (20 microU/ml) was also significantly increased with lower concentrations of ethanol (0.12, 0.24 and 0.48 g%) but fell to control levels with higher concentrations. With the highest ethanol concentration (1.92 g%), submaximal AVP did not significantly increase water permeability. However water permeability was unaltered by increasing concentrations of ethanol in the presence of supramaximal AVP (2,000 microU/ml). These results demonstrate a direct effect of ethanol upon distal nephron water and chloride transport.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007679	Kidney Medulla	The internal portion of the kidney, consisting of striated conical masses, the renal pyramids, whose bases are adjacent to the cortex and whose apices form prominent papillae projecting into the lumen of the minor calyces.	Kidney Papilla,Kidney Medullas,Kidney Papillas,Medulla, Kidney,Medullas, Kidney,Papilla, Kidney,Papillas, Kidney
D007685	Kidney Tubules, Collecting	Straight tubes commencing in the radiate part of the kidney cortex where they receive the curved ends of the distal convoluted tubules. In the medulla the collecting tubules of each pyramid converge to join a central tube (duct of Bellini) which opens on the summit of the papilla.	Kidney Collecting Ducts,Kidney Collecting Duct,Collecting Duct, Kidney,Collecting Ducts, Kidney
D010539	Permeability	Property of membranes and other structures to permit passage of light, heat, gases, liquids, metabolites, and mineral ions.	Permeabilities
D001834	Body Water	Fluids composed mainly of water found within the body.	Water, Body
D002712	Chlorides	Inorganic compounds derived from hydrochloric acid that contain the Cl- ion.	Chloride,Chloride Ion Level,Ion Level, Chloride,Level, Chloride Ion
D000431	Ethanol	A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.	Alcohol, Ethyl,Absolute Alcohol,Grain Alcohol,Alcohol, Absolute,Alcohol, Grain,Ethyl Alcohol
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001127	Arginine Vasopressin	The predominant form of mammalian antidiuretic hormone. It is a nonapeptide containing an ARGININE at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6. Arg-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.	Argipressin,Vasopressin, Arginine,Arg-Vasopressin,Argipressin Tannate,Arg Vasopressin
D001692	Biological Transport	The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments.	Transport, Biological,Biologic Transport,Transport, Biologic
D017208	Rats, Wistar	A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.	Wistar Rat,Rat, Wistar,Wistar Rats