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120 subjects were selected from a large number of healthy persons on the grounds of their medical history and preexaminations including audiogram, which excluded the possibility of previous cochelo-vestibular illness. These 120 healthy persons were examined by means of electronystagmography. We were searching for spontaneous and positional nystagmus in 5 positions with open eyes in darkness and with closed eyes. 50% proved to have a horizontal and 82% a vertical spontaneous nystagmus in at least 1 position. The sex had no influence on the frequency and there was no difference in results under smokers and non-smokers. There was the same frequency of nystagmus directed to right and left. We conclude that there is a physiological horizontal spontaneous nystagmus of low intensity if fixation is completedly excluded. In our opinion it is not possible to determine a certain level of intensity above which a spontaneous nystagmus is pathological as the intensity of nystagmus is essentially dependent upon non-vestibular elements.
G Mulch, and
U Trincker
June 1980,
EEG-EMG Zeitschrift fur Elektroenzephalographie, Elektromyographie und verwandte Gebiete,
G Mulch, and
U Trincker
January 1976,
Revista espanola de oto-neuro-oftalmologia y neurocirugia,
G Mulch, and
U Trincker
March 1965,
The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology,
G Mulch, and
U Trincker
January 1970,
Revue de laryngologie - otologie - rhinologie,
G Mulch, and
U Trincker
January 1969,
Otolaryngologia polska = The Polish otolaryngology,
G Mulch, and
U Trincker
October 1999,
Ear, nose, & throat journal,
G Mulch, and
U Trincker
April 1977,
Archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,
G Mulch, and
U Trincker
January 1965,
Acta oto-rhino-laryngologica Belgica,
G Mulch, and
U Trincker
September 1964,
Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde,
G Mulch, and
U Trincker
January 1963,
Practica oto-rhino-laryngologica,
