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Two-site sandwich ELISA for detection of Plasmodium vivax blood stage antigens using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. 1992

S Khusmith, and P Intapan, and S Tharavanij, and S Tuntrakul, and K A Indravijit, and D Bunnag
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Two systems of sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), a two-site monoclonal antibody sandwich ELISA MAb-MAb sandwich ELISA) and a two site polyclonal-monoclonal antibody sandwich ELISA (PAb-MAb sandwich ELISA) for the detection of Plasmodium vivax antigens were developed. The assays showed good correlation with the level of parasitemia when tested against serially diluted P. vivax parasites (r = 0.937, and 0.997 for MAb-MAb and PAb-MAb sandwich ELISA, respectively), with the ability to detect as few as 6.68 parasites/10(6) erythrocytes and 2.69 parasites/10(3) erythrocytes, respectively. The MAb-MAb sandwich ELISA was specific, since it was positive only with P. vivax-infected erythrocytes from vivax malaria patients and negative when erythrocytes from 34 healthy individuals and 30 falciparum malaria cases were tested. In contrast, cross-reaction was found in the PAb-MAb sandwich ELISA when the plates were coated with polyclonal IgG and tested against the serially diluted P. falciparum SO strain antigen prepared from in vitro cultures. Comparison between the two systems of two-site sandwich ELISA showed that the MAb-MAb sandwich ELISA was superior to the PAb-MAb sandwich ELISA: (1) it gave a higher sensitivity when tested with serially diluted P. vivax antigen preparations from vivax malaria patients; (2) it gave a higher specificity when tested with the SO strain of P. falciparum from in vitro cultures, (3) it gave a lower absorbance value when tested with erythrocytes from healthy individuals. All 281 cases of vivax malaria already proven by microscopic examination were positive by MAb-MAb sandwich ELISA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010966 Plasmodium vivax A protozoan parasite that causes vivax malaria (MALARIA, VIVAX). This species is found almost everywhere malaria is endemic and is the only one that has a range extending into the temperate regions. Plasmodium vivaxs,vivax, Plasmodium
D004797 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed. ELISA,Assay, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent,Assays, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent,Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays,Immunosorbent Assay, Enzyme-Linked,Immunosorbent Assays, Enzyme-Linked
D005069 Evaluation Studies as Topic Works about studies that determine the effectiveness or value of processes, personnel, and equipment, or the material on conducting such studies. Critique,Evaluation Indexes,Evaluation Methodology,Evaluation Report,Evaluation Research,Methodology, Evaluation,Pre-Post Tests,Qualitative Evaluation,Quantitative Evaluation,Theoretical Effectiveness,Use-Effectiveness,Critiques,Effectiveness, Theoretical,Evaluation Methodologies,Evaluation Reports,Evaluation, Qualitative,Evaluation, Quantitative,Evaluations, Qualitative,Evaluations, Quantitative,Indexes, Evaluation,Methodologies, Evaluation,Pre Post Tests,Pre-Post Test,Qualitative Evaluations,Quantitative Evaluations,Report, Evaluation,Reports, Evaluation,Research, Evaluation,Test, Pre-Post,Tests, Pre-Post,Use Effectiveness
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000911 Antibodies, Monoclonal Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells. Monoclonal Antibodies,Monoclonal Antibody,Antibody, Monoclonal
D000913 Antibodies, Protozoan Immunoglobulins produced in a response to PROTOZOAN ANTIGENS. Protozoan Antibodies
D000953 Antigens, Protozoan Any part or derivative of any protozoan that elicits immunity; malaria (Plasmodium) and trypanosome antigens are presently the most frequently encountered. Protozoan Antigens
D012680 Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) Specificity,Sensitivity,Specificity and Sensitivity
D015203 Reproducibility of Results The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results. Reliability and Validity,Reliability of Result,Reproducibility Of Result,Reproducibility of Finding,Validity of Result,Validity of Results,Face Validity,Reliability (Epidemiology),Reliability of Results,Reproducibility of Findings,Test-Retest Reliability,Validity (Epidemiology),Finding Reproducibilities,Finding Reproducibility,Of Result, Reproducibility,Of Results, Reproducibility,Reliabilities, Test-Retest,Reliability, Test-Retest,Result Reliabilities,Result Reliability,Result Validities,Result Validity,Result, Reproducibility Of,Results, Reproducibility Of,Test Retest Reliability,Validity and Reliability,Validity, Face

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