Diabetic patients often present oral symptoms and complaints at the moment of diagnosis of their disease. Recurrence of these symptoms is possible in periods of poor metabolic control. Long term complications of the disease are noticed at the level of the oral cavity. Dentists can contribute to early recognition of oral manifestations. A careful dental follow-up of these patients is essential in order to reduce the incidence and severity of long term oral complications (advanced periodontal disease, ...) This article reviews the general and oral implications of diabetes mellitus and discusses the results of a clinical study regarding the orodental condition and oral preventive behaviour of children with diabetes. Practical guidelines for the dental care of patients with diabetes are outlined.