Biomaterial Database

Acquisition of alkali-soluble fluoride by enamel through treatment with NaF-containing toothpastes in vitro. 1992

R Cruz, and B Ogaard, and G Rölla

Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

The first aim of the present study was to examine if alkali-soluble fluoride (calcium fluoride-like material and adsorbed fluoride) forms when a NaF-containing toothpaste is applied on human enamel surface in vitro. The centrifuged supernatants of toothpastes dissolved in distilled water were used and four different commercial NaF-containing toothpastes were tested. The second aim was to investigate if pyrophosphate would interfere with the deposition of alkali soluble fluoride. The formation of alkali-soluble fluoride was determined by chemical analysis and visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was ascertained that all tested toothpastes contained free fluoride according to the manufacturers' specifications. It was shown that they promoted deposition of alkali soluble fluoride on the enamel surface. The amount of deposited material increased with the time of exposure. The clinical effect of a NaF-containing toothpaste may thus well depend on an initial formation of alkali-soluble fluoride. Fluoride from this reservoir may adsorb onto the enamel crystals and inhibit further demineralization or increase the rate of remineralization during cariogenic challenges. It was also demonstrated that pyrophosphate did not interfere with the deposition of alkali soluble fluoride.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008855	Microscopy, Electron, Scanning	Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point. The image is constructed by detecting the products of specimen interactions that are projected above the plane of the sample, such as backscattered electrons. Although SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY also scans the specimen point by point with the electron beam, the image is constructed by detecting the electrons, or their interaction products that are transmitted through the sample plane, so that is a form of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.	Scanning Electron Microscopy,Electron Scanning Microscopy,Electron Microscopies, Scanning,Electron Microscopy, Scanning,Electron Scanning Microscopies,Microscopies, Electron Scanning,Microscopies, Scanning Electron,Microscopy, Electron Scanning,Microscopy, Scanning Electron,Scanning Electron Microscopies,Scanning Microscopies, Electron,Scanning Microscopy, Electron
D011756	Diphosphates	Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid that contain two phosphate groups.	Diphosphate,Pyrophosphate Analog,Pyrophosphates,Pyrophosphate Analogs,Analog, Pyrophosphate
D002124	Calcium Fluoride	Calcium fluoride. Occurring in nature as the mineral fluorite or fluorspar. It is the primary source of fluorine and its compounds. Pure calcium fluoride is used as a catalyst in dehydration and dehydrogenation and is used to fluoridate drinking water. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	Fluoride, Calcium
D003743	Dental Enamel	A hard thin translucent layer of calcified substance which envelops and protects the dentin of the crown of the tooth. It is the hardest substance in the body and is almost entirely composed of calcium salts. Under the microscope, it is composed of thin rods (enamel prisms) held together by cementing substance, and surrounded by an enamel sheath. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p286)	Enamel,Enamel Cuticle,Dental Enamels,Enamel, Dental,Enamels, Dental,Cuticle, Enamel,Cuticles, Enamel,Enamel Cuticles,Enamels
D004563	Electrochemistry	The study of chemical changes resulting from electrical action and electrical activity resulting from chemical changes.	Electrochemistries
D005459	Fluorides	Inorganic salts of hydrofluoric acid, HF, in which the fluorine atom is in the -1 oxidation state. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Sodium and stannous salts are commonly used in dentifrices.	Fluoride
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006863	Hydrogen-Ion Concentration	The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH	pH,Concentration, Hydrogen-Ion,Concentrations, Hydrogen-Ion,Hydrogen Ion Concentration,Hydrogen-Ion Concentrations
D000327	Adsorption	The adhesion of gases, liquids, or dissolved solids onto a surface. It includes adsorptive phenomena of bacteria and viruses onto surfaces as well. ABSORPTION into the substance may follow but not necessarily.	Adsorptions
D000468	Alkalies	Usually a hydroxide of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium or cesium, but also the carbonates of these metals, ammonia, and the amines. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	Alkali,Alkalis