Biomaterial Database

Enucleation technique for children with retinoblastoma. 1992

J A Shields, and C L Shields, and P De Potter

Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107.

Based on personal experience with approximately 350 enucleations for retinoblastoma, the authors describe their current surgical technique for removal of the eye, opening the globe to harvest fresh tissue for research including DNA analysis, and placement of the new hydroxyapatite orbital implant. Enucleation should be performed as gently as possible. A hemostat is placed on the stump of the severed medial rectus muscle for traction purposes, and long, minimally curved scissors are used to cut the optic nerve near the orbital apex. Clamps and snares are not advised and cautery of the orbital tissue is avoided. A piece of optic nerve is first submitted separately for histopathologic study and the globe is opened with a specific technique to harvest fresh tumor tissue. A hydroxyapatite implant covered by sterilized sclera is placed in the anophthalmic socket to provide orbital volume and improved motility of the prosthesis.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D002675	Child, Preschool	A child between the ages of 2 and 5.	Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D004273	DNA, Neoplasm	DNA present in neoplastic tissue.	Neoplasm DNA
D005134	Eye Neoplasms	Tumors or cancer of the EYE.	Cancer of Eye,Eye Cancer,Cancer of the Eye,Neoplasms, Eye,Cancer, Eye,Cancers, Eye,Eye Cancers,Eye Neoplasm,Neoplasm, Eye
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006882	Hydroxyapatites	A group of compounds with the general formula M10(PO4)6(OH)2, where M is barium, strontium, or calcium. The compounds are the principal mineral in phosphorite deposits, biological tissue, human bones, and teeth. They are also used as an anticaking agent and polymer catalysts. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	Hydroxyapatite Derivatives,Derivatives, Hydroxyapatite
D012175	Retinoblastoma	A malignant tumor arising from the nuclear layer of the retina that is the most common primary tumor of the eye in children. The tumor tends to occur in early childhood or infancy and may be present at birth. The majority are sporadic, but the condition may be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. Histologic features include dense cellularity, small round polygonal cells, and areas of calcification and necrosis. An abnormal pupil reflex (leukokoria); NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; STRABISMUS; and visual loss represent common clinical characteristics of this condition. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2104)	Glioblastoma, Retinal,Glioma, Retinal,Neuroblastoma, Retinal,Eye Cancer, Retinoblastoma,Familial Retinoblastoma,Hereditary Retinoblastoma,Sporadic Retinoblastoma,Cancer, Retinoblastoma Eye,Cancers, Retinoblastoma Eye,Eye Cancers, Retinoblastoma,Familial Retinoblastomas,Glioblastomas, Retinal,Gliomas, Retinal,Hereditary Retinoblastomas,Neuroblastomas, Retinal,Retinal Glioblastoma,Retinal Glioblastomas,Retinal Glioma,Retinal Gliomas,Retinal Neuroblastoma,Retinal Neuroblastomas,Retinoblastoma Eye Cancer,Retinoblastoma Eye Cancers,Retinoblastoma, Familial,Retinoblastoma, Hereditary,Retinoblastoma, Sporadic,Retinoblastomas,Retinoblastomas, Familial,Retinoblastomas, Hereditary,Retinoblastomas, Sporadic,Sporadic Retinoblastomas
D015353	Eye Enucleation	The surgical removal of the eyeball leaving the eye muscles and remaining orbital contents intact.	Enucleation Surgery,Enucleation Technique,Enucleation Surgeries,Enucleation Techniques,Enucleation, Eye,Eye Enucleations,Surgery, Enucleation
D017886	Durapatite	The mineral component of bones and teeth; it has been used therapeutically as a prosthetic aid and in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.	Calcium Hydroxyapatite,Hydroxyapatite,Hydroxylapatite,Alveograf,Calcitite,Interpore-200,Interpore-500,Osprovit,Ossein-Hydroxyapatite Compound,Ossopan,Osteogen,Periograf,Hydroxyapatite, Calcium,Interpore 200,Interpore 500,Interpore200,Interpore500,Ossein Hydroxyapatite Compound
D019736	Prostheses and Implants	Artificial substitutes for body parts, and materials inserted into tissue for functional, cosmetic, or therapeutic purposes. Prostheses can be functional, as in the case of artificial arms and legs, or cosmetic, as in the case of an artificial eye. Implants, all surgically inserted or grafted into the body, tend to be used therapeutically. IMPLANTS, EXPERIMENTAL is available for those used experimentally.	Implants, Artificial,Prostheses and Implant,Prosthesis,Prosthetic Implant,Endoprostheses,Endoprosthesis,Prostheses,Prosthetic Implants,Artificial Implant,Artificial Implants,Implant and Prostheses,Implant, Artificial,Implant, Prosthetic,Implants and Prostheses,Implants, Prosthetic