Cytochrome composition and oxygen-dependent respiration-driven proton translocation in Wolinella curva, Wolinella recta, Bacteroides ureolyticus, and Bacteroides gracilis. 1992

Y H Han, and R M Smibert, and N R Krieg
Department of Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061.

The membrane fractions of the microaerobically grown type strains of Wolinella curva, Wolinella recta, Bacteroides ureolyticus, and Bacteroides gracilis contained membrane-bound cytochrome b, cytochrome c, and CO-binding cytochrome c. Soluble cytochrome c and CO-binding cytochrome c were also present. Although B. gracilis is oxidase negative, it possessed cytochrome c. With H2 or formate as the electron donor, proton efflux from anaerobic cells occurred upon addition of a pulse of oxygen. With formate as the electron donor, the H+/O ratios of W. curva, W. recta, B. ureolyticus, and B. gracilis were 0.75, 1.66, 2.06, and 2.04, respectively. With H2 as the electron donor, the H+/O ratios of W. curva, B. ureolyticus, and B. gracilis were 1.25, 1.97, and 2.36, respectively. Proton translocation was inhibited by the protonophore carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone. The results confirm that the organisms are not anaerobes but are microaerophiles capable of respiring with oxygen.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008566 Membranes Thin layers of tissue which cover parts of the body, separate adjacent cavities, or connect adjacent structures. Membrane Tissue,Membrane,Membrane Tissues,Tissue, Membrane,Tissues, Membrane
D010084 Oxidation-Reduction A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471). Redox,Oxidation Reduction
D011522 Protons Stable elementary particles having the smallest known positive charge, found in the nuclei of all elements. The proton mass is less than that of a neutron. A proton is the nucleus of the light hydrogen atom, i.e., the hydrogen ion. Hydrogen Ions,Hydrogen Ion,Ion, Hydrogen,Ions, Hydrogen,Proton
D002167 Campylobacter A genus of bacteria found in the reproductive organs, intestinal tract, and oral cavity of animals and man. Some species are pathogenic.
D002248 Carbon Monoxide Carbon monoxide (CO). A poisonous colorless, odorless, tasteless gas. It combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, which has no oxygen carrying capacity. The resultant oxygen deprivation causes headache, dizziness, decreased pulse and respiratory rates, unconsciousness, and death. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) Monoxide, Carbon
D003573 Cytochrome b Group Cytochromes (electron-transporting proteins) with protoheme (HEME B) as the prosthetic group. Cytochromes Type b,Cytochromes, Heme b,Group, Cytochrome b,Heme b Cytochromes,Type b, Cytochromes,b Cytochromes, Heme,b Group, Cytochrome
D003574 Cytochrome c Group A group of cytochromes with covalent thioether linkages between either or both of the vinyl side chains of protoheme and the protein. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p539) Cytochromes Type c,Group, Cytochrome c,Type c, Cytochromes
D003580 Cytochromes Hemeproteins whose characteristic mode of action involves transfer of reducing equivalents which are associated with a reversible change in oxidation state of the prosthetic group. Formally, this redox change involves a single-electron, reversible equilibrium between the Fe(II) and Fe(III) states of the central iron atom (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p539). The various cytochrome subclasses are organized by the type of HEME and by the wavelength range of their reduced alpha-absorption bands. Cytochrome
D005561 Formates Derivatives of formic acids. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that are formed with a single carbon carboxy group. Formic Acids,Acids, Formic
D006859 Hydrogen The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas. Protium,Hydrogen-1

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