Based on a retrospective study of 595 patients having undergone prolonged intubation, the authors present the main complications encountered and, in particular, the mucous ulceration which appears to be systematic and is itself at the origin of secondary stenosizing or granulomatous sequelae. Research is still needed concerning the follow-up of the intubated patients in order to limit the pressures exerted between the cordal mucosa or the tracheal mucosa in contact with the endotracheal tube. A systematic check upon removal of the tube decreases the secondary sequelae by starting adapted antacid, anti-inflammatory and antibiotic treatments, as well as certain acts of laryngeal microsurgery and, in some cases, laryngeal rehabilitation for both the voice and deglutition.