Biomaterial Database

[Initiation in a polyribosome-dependent protein-synthesizing cell-free system from Saccharomyces (author's transl)]. 1976

B Schulz-Harder, and E R Lochmann

A method to prepare polyribosomes from yeasts by using the french-press is described. The highest yield of polyribosomes was derived from late log-phase cells. These polyribosomes, incubated in a cell-free system, were able to reinitiate protein synthesis, which was shown by inhibiting aminoacid incorporation by aurintricarboxylic acid, edeine and sodiumfluoride. We developed the translational system in order to look for the optimal ion-conditions of a DNA-dependent protein-synthesizing system. We found out that at the optimal MgCl2-concentration (6 mM) protein synthesis was strongly inhibited by Mangan ions which are required for transcription in yeast. If protein-synthesis was carried out with 2 mM and 3 mM MgCl2 maximal aminoacid incorporation was observed at 2 mM and 1.5 mM MnCl2.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008345	Manganese	A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035)
D010442	Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational	A process of GENETIC TRANSLATION whereby the formation of a peptide chain is started. It includes assembly of the RIBOSOME components, the MESSENGER RNA coding for the polypeptide to be made, INITIATOR TRNA, and PEPTIDE INITIATION FACTORS; and placement of the first amino acid in the peptide chain. The details and components of this process are unique for prokaryotic protein biosynthesis and eukaryotic protein biosynthesis.	Chain Initiation, Peptide, Translational,Protein Biosynthesis Initiation,Protein Chain Initiation, Translational,Protein Translation Initiation,Translation Initiation, Genetic,Translation Initiation, Protein,Translational Initiation, Protein,Translational Peptide Chain Initiation,Biosynthesis Initiation, Protein,Genetic Translation Initiation,Initiation, Genetic Translation,Initiation, Protein Biosynthesis,Initiation, Protein Translation,Initiation, Protein Translational,Protein Translational Initiation
D011132	Polyribosomes	A multiribosomal structure representing a linear array of RIBOSOMES held together by messenger RNA; (RNA, MESSENGER); They represent the active complexes in cellular protein synthesis and are able to incorporate amino acids into polypeptides both in vivo and in vitro. (From Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)	Polysomes,Polyribosome,Polysome
D002474	Cell-Free System	A fractionated cell extract that maintains a biological function. A subcellular fraction isolated by ultracentrifugation or other separation techniques must first be isolated so that a process can be studied free from all of the complex side reactions that occur in a cell. The cell-free system is therefore widely used in cell biology. (From Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2d ed, p166)	Cellfree System,Cell Free System,Cell-Free Systems,Cellfree Systems,System, Cell-Free,System, Cellfree,Systems, Cell-Free,Systems, Cellfree
D004486	Edeine	Basic peptide antibiotic from Bacillus brevis. It exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis.
D005459	Fluorides	Inorganic salts of hydrofluoric acid, HF, in which the fluorine atom is in the -1 oxidation state. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Sodium and stannous salts are commonly used in dentifrices.	Fluoride
D001312	Aurintricarboxylic Acid	A dye which inhibits protein biosynthesis at the initial stages. The ammonium salt (aluminon) is a reagent for the colorimetric estimation of aluminum in water, foods, and tissues.	Aurintricarboxylate,Aluminon,Ammonium Aurintricarboxylate,Aurin Tricarboxylic Acid,Aurintricarboxylic Acid, Calcium (1:3) Salt,Aurintricarboxylic Acid, Calcium (2:3) Salt,Aurintricarboxylic Acid, Triammonium Salt,Aurintricarboxylic Acid, Trisodium Salt,Acid, Aurin Tricarboxylic,Acid, Aurintricarboxylic
D012440	Saccharomyces	A genus of ascomycetous fungi of the family Saccharomycetaceae, order SACCHAROMYCETALES.	Saccharomyce
D014158	Transcription, Genetic	The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.	Genetic Transcription