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Application of screening and confirmatory assays for anti-HTLV-I/II in U.K. populations. 1992

J H Tosswill, and J V Parry, and J N Weber
PHLS Virus Reference Laboratory, Central Public Health Laboratory, London, England.

During an epidemiological study of a low risk U.K. population diverse screening and confirmatory assays for the detection of anti-HTLV-I/II were assessed. Sera from 2,900 antenatal patients were tested for anti-HTLV-I/II by gelatin particle agglutination assay (GPA). All reactive sera, and 133 randomly selected unreactive sera, were further tested by Abbott and DuPont ELISAs, "in house" competitive and IgG capture radioimmunoassays (RIAs), and Western blot (WB). Sera which reacted with any HTLV-I proteins by WB were tested by radio immunoprecipitation assays (RIPA). The two ELISAs detected all the GPA reactive specimens that were subsequently confirmed as anti-HTLV-I/II positive. Confirmation of positive screening results required the use of both WB and RIPA. Serological diagnosis of HTLV infection involves access to specialised assays that are not commercially available.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008403 Mass Screening Organized periodic procedures performed on large groups of people for the purpose of detecting disease. Screening,Mass Screenings,Screening, Mass,Screenings,Screenings, Mass
D011233 Precipitin Tests Serologic tests in which a positive reaction manifested by visible CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION occurs when a soluble ANTIGEN reacts with its precipitins, i.e., ANTIBODIES that can form a precipitate. Precipitin Test,Test, Precipitin,Tests, Precipitin
D011863 Radioimmunoassay Classic quantitative assay for detection of antigen-antibody reactions using a radioactively labeled substance (radioligand) either directly or indirectly to measure the binding of the unlabeled substance to a specific antibody or other receptor system. Non-immunogenic substances (e.g., haptens) can be measured if coupled to larger carrier proteins (e.g., bovine gamma-globulin or human serum albumin) capable of inducing antibody formation. Radioimmunoassays
D001769 Blood The body fluid that circulates in the vascular system (BLOOD VESSELS). Whole blood includes PLASMA and BLOOD CELLS.
D004797 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed. ELISA,Assay, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent,Assays, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent,Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays,Immunosorbent Assay, Enzyme-Linked,Immunosorbent Assays, Enzyme-Linked
D005260 Female Females
D006113 United Kingdom Country in northwestern Europe including Great Britain and the northern one-sixth of the island of Ireland, located between the North Sea and north Atlantic Ocean. The capital is London. Great Britain,Isle of Man
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000372 Agglutination Tests Tests that are dependent on the clumping of cells, microorganisms, or particles when mixed with specific antiserum. (From Stedman, 26th ed) Agglutination Test,Test, Agglutination,Tests, Agglutination
D012680 Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) Specificity,Sensitivity,Specificity and Sensitivity

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