Biomaterial Database

Comparison of a pulsed dye laser and electrohydraulic lithotripsy on porcine gallbladder and common bile duct in vitro. 1992

D H Birkett, and J S Lamont, and J C O'Keane, and R K Babayan

Department of Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts 02118.

With the advent of minimal access biliary procedures there is a need for a safe intracorporal lithotripsy technique that can be used through small flexible endoscopes. Currently, the two techniques available are electrohydraulic lithotripsy and laser induced shock wave lithotripsy. In this study we compare the effect of a 504 nm coumarin pulsed dye laser and electrohydraulic lithotripsy on in vitro porcine gallbladder and common bile duct. Electrohydraulic lithotripsy at the lowest energy the generator would deliver caused perforation of both tissues in only a few pulses when a 1.9-F probe was placed in direct contact with the tissue. Energy from a 504 nm coumarin pulsed dye laser delivered through a 320-microns fiber placed in light contact with the tissue caused an energy-dependent perforation after 50 pulses in from none to 44% of tissues. It was also found that there was a higher incidence of perforation in more vascular than non-vascular tissue. When the EHL probe and the laser fiber were held 1-2 mm from the tissue surface, discharge of each resulted in no perforation. On histological examination of the tissues, the perforations were found to be very small with laser lithotripsy and considerably larger with the electrohydraulic lithotripsy. It was felt that laser lithotripsy in the clinical situation was likely to be much safer than electrohydraulic lithotripsy.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007834	Lasers	An optical source that emits photons in a coherent beam. Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (LASER) is brought about using devices that transform light of varying frequencies into a single intense, nearly nondivergent beam of monochromatic radiation. Lasers operate in the infrared, visible, ultraviolet, or X-ray regions of the spectrum.	Masers,Continuous Wave Lasers,Pulsed Lasers,Q-Switched Lasers,Continuous Wave Laser,Laser,Laser, Continuous Wave,Laser, Pulsed,Laser, Q-Switched,Lasers, Continuous Wave,Lasers, Pulsed,Lasers, Q-Switched,Maser,Pulsed Laser,Q Switched Lasers,Q-Switched Laser
D008096	Lithotripsy	The destruction of a calculus of the kidney, ureter, bladder, or gallbladder by physical forces, including crushing with a lithotriptor through a catheter. Focused percutaneous ultrasound and focused hydraulic shock waves may be used without surgery. Lithotripsy does not include the dissolving of stones by acids or litholysis. Lithotripsy by laser is LITHOTRIPSY, LASER.	ESWL (Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy),Electrohydraulic Shockwave Lithotripsy,Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy,Litholapaxy,Noninvasive Litholapaxy,Percutaneous Ultrasonic Lithotripsy,Ultrasonic Lithotripsy,ESWLs (Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy),Electrohydraulic Shockwave Lithotripsies,Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsies,Litholapaxies,Litholapaxies, Noninvasive,Litholapaxy, Noninvasive,Lithotripsies,Lithotripsies, Electrohydraulic Shockwave,Lithotripsies, Extracorporeal Shockwave,Lithotripsies, Percutaneous Ultrasonic,Lithotripsies, Ultrasonic,Lithotripsy, Electrohydraulic Shockwave,Lithotripsy, Extracorporeal Shockwave,Lithotripsy, Percutaneous Ultrasonic,Lithotripsy, Ultrasonic,Noninvasive Litholapaxies,Percutaneous Ultrasonic Lithotripsies,Shockwave Lithotripsies, Electrohydraulic,Shockwave Lithotripsies, Extracorporeal,Shockwave Lithotripsy, Electrohydraulic,Shockwave Lithotripsy, Extracorporeal,Ultrasonic Lithotripsies,Ultrasonic Lithotripsies, Percutaneous,Ultrasonic Lithotripsy, Percutaneous
D003135	Common Bile Duct	The largest bile duct. It is formed by the junction of the CYSTIC DUCT and the COMMON HEPATIC DUCT.	Choledochus,Bile Duct, Common,Common Bile Ducts,Duct, Common Bile
D005069	Evaluation Studies as Topic	Works about studies that determine the effectiveness or value of processes, personnel, and equipment, or the material on conducting such studies.	Critique,Evaluation Indexes,Evaluation Methodology,Evaluation Report,Evaluation Research,Methodology, Evaluation,Pre-Post Tests,Qualitative Evaluation,Quantitative Evaluation,Theoretical Effectiveness,Use-Effectiveness,Critiques,Effectiveness, Theoretical,Evaluation Methodologies,Evaluation Reports,Evaluation, Qualitative,Evaluation, Quantitative,Evaluations, Qualitative,Evaluations, Quantitative,Indexes, Evaluation,Methodologies, Evaluation,Pre Post Tests,Pre-Post Test,Qualitative Evaluations,Quantitative Evaluations,Report, Evaluation,Reports, Evaluation,Research, Evaluation,Test, Pre-Post,Tests, Pre-Post,Use Effectiveness
D005704	Gallbladder	A storage reservoir for BILE secretion. Gallbladder allows the delivery of bile acids at a high concentration and in a controlled manner, via the CYSTIC DUCT to the DUODENUM, for degradation of dietary lipid.	Gallbladders
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013552	Swine	Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).	Phacochoerus,Pigs,Suidae,Warthogs,Wart Hogs,Hog, Wart,Hogs, Wart,Wart Hog
D017602	Lithotripsy, Laser	Fragmentation of CALCULI, notably urinary or biliary, by LASER.	Laser Lithotripsy,Laser-Induced Shockwave Lithotripsy,Shockwave Lithotripsy, Laser-Induced,Laser Induced Shockwave Lithotripsy,Lithotripsies, Laser,Lithotripsy, Laser-Induced Shockwave,Shockwave Lithotripsy, Laser Induced
D053685	Laser Therapy	The use of photothermal effects of LASERS to coagulate, incise, vaporize, resect, dissect, or resurface tissue.	Laser Knife,Laser Scalpel,Surgery, Laser,Vaporization, Laser,Laser Ablation,Laser Knives,Laser Photoablation of Tissue,Laser Surgery,Laser Tissue Ablation,Nonablative Laser Treatment,Pulsed Laser Tissue Ablation,Ablation, Laser,Ablation, Laser Tissue,Knife, Laser,Knifes, Laser,Knive, Laser,Knives, Laser,Laser Knifes,Laser Knive,Laser Scalpels,Laser Surgeries,Laser Therapies,Laser Treatment, Nonablative,Laser Treatments, Nonablative,Laser Vaporization,Nonablative Laser Treatments,Scalpel, Laser,Scalpels, Laser,Surgeries, Laser,Therapies, Laser,Therapy, Laser,Tissue Ablation, Laser
D066298	In Vitro Techniques	Methods to study reactions or processes taking place in an artificial environment outside the living organism.	In Vitro Test,In Vitro Testing,In Vitro Tests,In Vitro as Topic,In Vitro,In Vitro Technique,In Vitro Testings,Technique, In Vitro,Techniques, In Vitro,Test, In Vitro,Testing, In Vitro,Testings, In Vitro,Tests, In Vitro,Vitro Testing, In