Biomaterial Database

The 28S ribosomal RNA-encoding gene of Hymenoptera: inserted sequences in the retrotransposon-rich regions. 1992

Y Bigot, and F Lutcher, and M H Hamelin, and G Périquet

Institut de Biocénotique Expérimentale des Agrosystèmes, Faculté des Sciences, Tours, France.

The genomes of two parasitoid wasps, Diadromus pulchellus and Eupelmus vuilleti, and the honey bee, Apis mellifera, contain few interspersed repeated sequences corresponding to transposons (Tn). This suggests that the genomic organisation of Hymenoptera could be due to the elimination of deleterious Tn in haploid males. We have used restriction-fragment length polymorphism analysis to show that nondeleterious Tn are present in the DNA (rDNA) encoding ribosomal RNA of twelve species of Hymenoptera. Sequence analysis of the 28S rDNA type-I and type-II insertion-rich regions of 80 species showed that this region is very highly conserved (95.8%). A consensus sequence and restriction map of the rDNA region were established. These sequence data were used to develop a strategy for detecting inserted elements in the rDNA fragments containing type-I or type-II insertion sites, and this strategy was used to screen twelve hymenopteran species and four non-Hymenoptera control species. The rDNA fragments from the Hymenoptera and control species contained inserted sequences in the area where type-I and type-II elements are inserted in the 28S rDNA retrotransposon-rich region of Diptera and Lepidoptera. The hymenopteran genomes therefore appear to contain repeated elements, the mobility and nature of which remain to be determined.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008969	Molecular Sequence Data	Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.	Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D012150	Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length	Variation occurring within a species in the presence or length of DNA fragment generated by a specific endonuclease at a specific site in the genome. Such variations are generated by mutations that create or abolish recognition sites for these enzymes or change the length of the fragment.	RFLP,Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism,RFLPs,Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms
D004251	DNA Transposable Elements	Discrete segments of DNA which can excise and reintegrate to another site in the genome. Most are inactive, i.e., have not been found to exist outside the integrated state. DNA transposable elements include bacterial IS (insertion sequence) elements, Tn elements, the maize controlling elements Ac and Ds, Drosophila P, gypsy, and pogo elements, the human Tigger elements and the Tc and mariner elements which are found throughout the animal kingdom.	DNA Insertion Elements,DNA Transposons,IS Elements,Insertion Sequence Elements,Tn Elements,Transposable Elements,Elements, Insertion Sequence,Sequence Elements, Insertion,DNA Insertion Element,DNA Transposable Element,DNA Transposon,Element, DNA Insertion,Element, DNA Transposable,Element, IS,Element, Insertion Sequence,Element, Tn,Element, Transposable,Elements, DNA Insertion,Elements, DNA Transposable,Elements, IS,Elements, Tn,Elements, Transposable,IS Element,Insertion Element, DNA,Insertion Elements, DNA,Insertion Sequence Element,Sequence Element, Insertion,Tn Element,Transposable Element,Transposable Element, DNA,Transposable Elements, DNA,Transposon, DNA,Transposons, DNA
D004275	DNA, Ribosomal	DNA sequences encoding RIBOSOMAL RNA and the segments of DNA separating the individual ribosomal RNA genes, referred to as RIBOSOMAL SPACER DNA.	Ribosomal DNA,rDNA
D006927	Hymenoptera	An extensive order of highly specialized insects including bees, wasps, and ants.
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001483	Base Sequence	The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.	DNA Sequence,Nucleotide Sequence,RNA Sequence,DNA Sequences,Base Sequences,Nucleotide Sequences,RNA Sequences,Sequence, Base,Sequence, DNA,Sequence, Nucleotide,Sequence, RNA,Sequences, Base,Sequences, DNA,Sequences, Nucleotide,Sequences, RNA
D012339	RNA, Ribosomal, 28S	Constituent of the 60S subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes. 28S rRNA is involved in the initiation of polypeptide synthesis in eukaryotes.	28S Ribosomal RNA,28S rRNA,RNA, 28S Ribosomal,Ribosomal RNA, 28S
D016384	Consensus Sequence	A theoretical representative nucleotide or amino acid sequence in which each nucleotide or amino acid is the one which occurs most frequently at that site in the different sequences which occur in nature. The phrase also refers to an actual sequence which approximates the theoretical consensus. A known CONSERVED SEQUENCE set is represented by a consensus sequence. Commonly observed supersecondary protein structures (AMINO ACID MOTIFS) are often formed by conserved sequences.	Consensus Sequences,Sequence, Consensus,Sequences, Consensus
D016415	Sequence Alignment	The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.	Sequence Homology Determination,Determination, Sequence Homology,Alignment, Sequence,Alignments, Sequence,Determinations, Sequence Homology,Sequence Alignments,Sequence Homology Determinations