Biomaterial Database

Observations concerning the action of 5-hydroxytryptamine on the peristaltic reflex. 1958

E BULBRING, and A CREMA

In isolated guinea-pig intestine 5-hydroxytryptamine increased the longitudinal muscle contractions in response to acetylcholine while the ganglionic action of nicotine was first facilitated and then blocked. Phenyldiguanide, veratrine, veratridine and protoveratrine, like 5-hydroxytryptamine, depressed the response to nicotine, leaving that to acetylcholine unaffected.The sensory stimulants, like 5-hydroxytryptamine, facilitated the peristaltic reflex when applied to the mucosa, and abolished it when applied to the serosa. Preceding the block, the initial effect of low concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine applied to the serosa was a short stimulation of peristalsis.Concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine which had an approximately equal stimulant action (mucosal 1 to 4 x 10(-6), serosal 2 to 8 x 10(-8)) were tested when various parts of the reflex arc were blocked. During block by procaine introduced into the lumen, mucosal application of 5-hydroxytryptamine re-established peristalsis, but serosal application of 5-hydroxytryptamine had no effect. During block by hexamethonium or atropine present in the bath, 5-hydroxytryptamine restored peristalsis more effectively by serosal application than by mucosal application. During block by serosal application of 5-hydroxytryptamine, morphine, phenoxybenzamine or dihydroergotamine, mucosal application of 5-hydroxytryptamine restored the peristaltic reflex while serosal application had no effect. During block by 2-bromo-lysergic acid diethylamide or lysergic acid diethylamide acting from the serosal surface, 5-hydroxytryptamine had no effect whether acting on the mucosal or on the serosal surface.It is concluded that 5-hydroxytryptamine facilitates the peristaltic reflex at two sites: when introduced into the lumen it stimulates mucosal sensory receptors; when acting from the serosal surface it sensitizes the muscle to the transmitter acetylcholine. There is also a transient stimulant action on the ganglia which is soon followed by inhibition; this indicates that 5-hydroxytryptamine applied to the serosa abolishes peristalsis by ganglion block.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007082	Ileum	The distal and narrowest portion of the SMALL INTESTINE, between the JEJUNUM and the ILEOCECAL VALVE of the LARGE INTESTINE.
D007421	Intestine, Small	The portion of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT between the PYLORUS of the STOMACH and the ILEOCECAL VALVE of the LARGE INTESTINE. It is divisible into three portions: the DUODENUM, the JEJUNUM, and the ILEUM.	Small Intestine,Intestines, Small,Small Intestines
D007422	Intestines	The section of the alimentary canal from the STOMACH to the ANAL CANAL. It includes the LARGE INTESTINE and SMALL INTESTINE.	Intestine
D008238	Lysergic Acid Diethylamide	Semisynthetic derivative of ergot (Claviceps purpurea). It has complex effects on serotonergic systems including antagonism at some peripheral serotonin receptors, both agonist and antagonist actions at central nervous system serotonin receptors, and possibly effects on serotonin turnover. It is a potent hallucinogen, but the mechanisms of that effect are not well understood.	LSD,Lysergide,LSD-25,Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Tartrate,Acid Diethylamide, Lysergic,Diethylamide, Lysergic Acid,LSD 25
D009119	Muscle Contraction	A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.	Inotropism,Muscular Contraction,Contraction, Muscle,Contraction, Muscular,Contractions, Muscle,Contractions, Muscular,Inotropisms,Muscle Contractions,Muscular Contractions
D009132	Muscles	Contractile tissue that produces movement in animals.	Muscle Tissue,Muscle,Muscle Tissues,Tissue, Muscle,Tissues, Muscle
D009424	Nervous System Physiological Phenomena	Characteristic properties and processes of the NERVOUS SYSTEM as a whole or with reference to the peripheral or the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.	Nervous System Physiologic Processes,Nervous System Physiological Processes,Nervous System Physiology,Nervous System Physiological Concepts,Nervous System Physiological Phenomenon,Nervous System Physiological Process,Physiology, Nervous System,System Physiology, Nervous
D009538	Nicotine	Nicotine is highly toxic alkaloid. It is the prototypical agonist at nicotinic cholinergic receptors where it dramatically stimulates neurons and ultimately blocks synaptic transmission. Nicotine is also important medically because of its presence in tobacco smoke.	Nicotine Bitartrate,Nicotine Tartrate
D010528	Peristalsis	A movement, caused by sequential muscle contraction, that pushes the contents of the intestines or other tubular organs in one direction.	Peristalses
D011343	Procaine	A local anesthetic of the ester type that has a slow onset and a short duration of action. It is mainly used for infiltration anesthesia, peripheral nerve block, and spinal block. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1016).	Anuject,Geriocaine,Gerokit,Hewedolor-Procain,Lophakomp-Procain N,Novocain,Novocaine,Procain Braun,Procain Jenapharm,Procain Rödler,Procain Steigerwald,Procain curasan,Procaina Serra,Procaine Hydrochloride,Pröcaine chlorhydrate Lavoisier,Röwo Procain,procain-loges,Hydrochloride, Procaine