Between 1993-2002 we used both diagnostic and operative laparoscopy in the management of five cases of persistent müllerian duct syndrome (BMDS). Two siblings from two different families accounted for four of the cases. They presented with cryptorchidism and inguinal hernias. The diagnosis was established during diagnostic laparoscopy. The impalpable testes were on the left in three, on the right in one and bilateral in one. The latter case had been managed previously in another hospital by an open technique, and the diagnosis was missed. Transverse testicular ectopia was present in two unrelated boys. All the cases were managed by splitting the uterus in the midline and then bringing the testis with the vas and attached uterine tissue into the scrotum. Three of the five cases were managed laparoscopically. Follow-up of 6 months to 10 years showed satisfactory results in four of the five cases.