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Impaired production and delivery of neutrophils to the site of infection have been implicated in the increased susceptibility of the neonate to infection. Because granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) play critical roles in the production of neutrophils from marrow precursors, we assessed the ability of leukocytes from neonates and adults to produce GM-CSF, G-CSF, and, for comparison, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) after stimulation with concanavalin A +/- phorbol myristate acetate [blood mononuclear cells (MC) and T lymphocytes] or lipopolysaccharide (monocytes). MC and monocytes from adult and neonatal subjects produced mRNA for GM-CSF, G-CSF, and M-CSF, whereas T cells produced only GM-CSF mRNA. Neonatal MC and T cells accumulated only approximately 30% as much GM-CSF mRNA as did adult MC and T cells. In contrast, the accumulation of GM-CSF mRNA by neonatal and adult monocytes was similar. Neonatal MC also accumulated similar amounts of G-CSF mRNA and somewhat more M-CSF mRNA than did adult MC; results with monocytes were similar to those with MC. Results of colony-stimulating activity bioassays on supernatants from neonatal and adult MC stimulated with concanavalin A paralleled the mRNA results.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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