Palliative treatment of hyperinsulinism with cyproheptadine and diazoxide. 1992

D Rotenstein, and S Serbin, and T Welsh
Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Pennsylvania, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh 15212.

Treatment for hyperinsulinism in infants and children can be difficult and has included numerous treatment modalities. This paper reports 16 months of palliative treatment with cyproheptadine and diazoxide in a child with hyperinsulinism initially diagnosed at 6 months of age (her insulin level was 80 microU/mL while her glucose level was 38 mg/dL). She continued to have episodes of staring and alteration in level of consciousness while receiving her usual doses of diazoxide (12 mg/kg) alone. Mean nocturnal glucose values, which were quite low during treatment with diazoxide alone, improved significantly with the addition of cyproheptadine to her therapeutic regimen. Fasted C-peptide values, elevated during diazoxide alone, returned to the normal range with combination treatment for 16 months. Cyproheptadine and diazoxide in combination may be useful for treatment of hyperinsulinism that presents after the neonatal period.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007223 Infant A child between 1 and 23 months of age. Infants
D007328 Insulin A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1). Iletin,Insulin A Chain,Insulin B Chain,Insulin, Regular,Novolin,Sodium Insulin,Soluble Insulin,Chain, Insulin B,Insulin, Sodium,Insulin, Soluble,Regular Insulin
D010166 Palliative Care Care alleviating symptoms without curing the underlying disease. (Stedman, 25th ed) Palliative Treatment,Palliative Supportive Care,Palliative Surgery,Palliative Therapy,Surgery, Palliative,Therapy, Palliative,Care, Palliative,Palliative Treatments,Supportive Care, Palliative,Treatment, Palliative,Treatments, Palliative
D001786 Blood Glucose Glucose in blood. Blood Sugar,Glucose, Blood,Sugar, Blood
D002096 C-Peptide The middle segment of proinsulin that is between the N-terminal B-chain and the C-terminal A-chain. It is a pancreatic peptide of about 31 residues, depending on the species. Upon proteolytic cleavage of proinsulin, equimolar INSULIN and C-peptide are released. C-peptide immunoassay has been used to assess pancreatic beta cell function in diabetic patients with circulating insulin antibodies or exogenous insulin. Half-life of C-peptide is 30 min, almost 8 times that of insulin. Proinsulin C-Peptide,C-Peptide, Proinsulin,Connecting Peptide,C Peptide,C Peptide, Proinsulin,Proinsulin C Peptide
D003533 Cyproheptadine A serotonin antagonist and a histamine H1 blocker used as antipruritic, appetite stimulant, antiallergic, and for the post-gastrectomy dumping syndrome, etc. Antergan,Dihexazin,Periactin,Peritol,Viternum
D003981 Diazoxide A benzothiadiazine derivative that is a peripheral vasodilator used for hypertensive emergencies. It lacks diuretic effect, apparently because it lacks a sulfonamide group. Hyperstat,Proglycem
D004338 Drug Combinations Single preparations containing two or more active agents, for the purpose of their concurrent administration as a fixed dose mixture. Drug Combination,Combination, Drug,Combinations, Drug
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man

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