Comparison of cyclic GMP in human internal mammary artery and saphenous vein: implications for coronary artery bypass graft patency. 1992

S Tadjkarimi, and G S O'Neil, and T N Luu, and S P Allen, and C J Schyns, and A H Chester, and M H Yacoub
National Heart and Lung Institute, Harefield Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom.

OBJECTIVE The aim was to examine the capacity of the human saphenous vein (native and surgically prepared) and the internal mammary artery to generate cyclic GMP, the second messenger that mediates smooth muscle relaxation following production of nitric oxide. METHODS 209 vessel segments were used from 22 patients undergoing coronary revascularisation. Isolated vessel segments were stimulated with a range of endothelium dependent and endothelium independent agonists and flash frozen for radioimmunoassay for cyclic GMP. RESULTS Control/basal levels of cyclic GMP were significantly higher in the internal mammary artery than either native or distended saphenous vein. Endothelium dependent agonist stimulation with acetylcholine, bradykinin, or substance P induced significant increases in cyclic GMP in internal mammary artery and native saphenous vein, whereas distended veins showed non-significant changes in response to agonist stimulation. Endothelium removal abolished agonist stimulated increases in cyclic GMP. Glyceryl trinitrate and sodium nitroprusside elicited significant further increases in cyclic GMP in native vein and internal mammary artery. All values obtained were significantly greater in arterial than in venous tissue. CONCLUSIONS Differences in basal and stimulated cyclic GMP activity in arteries and veins have been shown. This could represent an additional protective mechanism against constrictor influences in arterial bypass grafts, which may explain their documented better long term performance.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008323 Mammary Arteries Arteries originating from the subclavian or axillary arteries and distributing to the anterior thoracic wall, mediastinal structures, diaphragm, pectoral muscles and mammary gland. Internal Mammary Artery,Internal Thoracic Artery,Arteries, Internal Mammary,Arteries, Internal Thoracic,Arteries, Mammary,Artery, Internal Mammary,Artery, Internal Thoracic,Artery, Mammary,Internal Mammary Arteries,Internal Thoracic Arteries,Mammary Arteries, Internal,Mammary Artery,Mammary Artery, Internal,Thoracic Arteries, Internal,Thoracic Artery, Internal
D001920 Bradykinin A nonapeptide messenger that is enzymatically produced from KALLIDIN in the blood where it is a potent but short-lived agent of arteriolar dilation and increased capillary permeability. Bradykinin is also released from MAST CELLS during asthma attacks, from gut walls as a gastrointestinal vasodilator, from damaged tissues as a pain signal, and may be a neurotransmitter. Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg,Bradykinin Acetate, (9-D-Arg)-Isomer,Bradykinin Diacetate,Bradykinin Hydrochloride,Bradykinin Triacetate,Bradykinin, (1-D-Arg)-Isomer,Bradykinin, (2-D-Pro)-Isomer,Bradykinin, (2-D-Pro-3-D-Pro-7-D-Pro)-Isomer,Bradykinin, (2-D-Pro-7-D-Pro)-Isomer,Bradykinin, (3-D-Pro)-Isomer,Bradykinin, (3-D-Pro-7-D-Pro)-Isomer,Bradykinin, (5-D-Phe)-Isomer,Bradykinin, (5-D-Phe-8-D-Phe)-Isomer,Bradykinin, (6-D-Ser)-Isomer,Bradykinin, (7-D-Pro)-Isomer,Bradykinin, (8-D-Phe)-Isomer,Bradykinin, (9-D-Arg)-Isomer,Arg Pro Pro Gly Phe Ser Pro Phe Arg
D004730 Endothelium, Vascular Single pavement layer of cells which line the luminal surface of the entire vascular system and regulate the transport of macromolecules and blood components. Capillary Endothelium,Vascular Endothelium,Capillary Endotheliums,Endothelium, Capillary,Endotheliums, Capillary,Endotheliums, Vascular,Vascular Endotheliums
D005996 Nitroglycerin A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives. Glyceryl Trinitrate,Anginine,Dynamite,Gilustenon,Nitrangin,Nitro-Bid,Nitro-Dur,Nitrocard,Nitroderm,Nitroderm TTS,Nitroglyn,Nitrol,Nitrolan,Nitrong,Nitrospan,Nitrostat,Perlinganit,Susadrin,Sustac,Sustak,Sustonit,Transderm Nitro,Tridil,Trinitrin,Trinitrolong,Nitro Bid,Nitro Dur,NitroBid,NitroDur,Trinitrate, Glyceryl
D006083 Graft Occlusion, Vascular Obstruction of flow in biological or prosthetic vascular grafts. Graft Restenosis, Vascular,Vascular Graft Occlusion,Vascular Graft Restenosis,Graft Restenoses, Vascular,Occlusion, Vascular Graft,Restenosis, Vascular Graft
D006152 Cyclic GMP Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) Guanosine Cyclic 3',5'-Monophosphate,Guanosine Cyclic 3,5 Monophosphate,Guanosine Cyclic Monophosphate,Guanosine Cyclic-3',5'-Monophosphate,3',5'-Monophosphate, Guanosine Cyclic,Cyclic 3',5'-Monophosphate, Guanosine,Cyclic Monophosphate, Guanosine,Cyclic-3',5'-Monophosphate, Guanosine,GMP, Cyclic,Guanosine Cyclic 3',5' Monophosphate,Monophosphate, Guanosine Cyclic
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000109 Acetylcholine A neurotransmitter found at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathetic effector junctions, and at many sites in the central nervous system. 2-(Acetyloxy)-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium,Acetilcolina Cusi,Acetylcholine Bromide,Acetylcholine Chloride,Acetylcholine Fluoride,Acetylcholine Hydroxide,Acetylcholine Iodide,Acetylcholine L-Tartrate,Acetylcholine Perchlorate,Acetylcholine Picrate,Acetylcholine Picrate (1:1),Acetylcholine Sulfate (1:1),Bromoacetylcholine,Chloroacetylcholine,Miochol,Acetylcholine L Tartrate,Bromide, Acetylcholine,Cusi, Acetilcolina,Fluoride, Acetylcholine,Hydroxide, Acetylcholine,Iodide, Acetylcholine,L-Tartrate, Acetylcholine,Perchlorate, Acetylcholine
D001026 Coronary Artery Bypass Surgical therapy of ischemic coronary artery disease achieved by grafting a section of saphenous vein, internal mammary artery, or other substitute between the aorta and the obstructed coronary artery distal to the obstructive lesion. Aortocoronary Bypass,Bypass, Coronary Artery,Bypass Surgery, Coronary Artery,Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting,Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery,Aortocoronary Bypasses,Artery Bypass, Coronary,Artery Bypasses, Coronary,Bypass, Aortocoronary,Bypasses, Aortocoronary,Bypasses, Coronary Artery,Coronary Artery Bypasses
D012501 Saphenous Vein The vein which drains the foot and leg. Saphenous Veins,Vein, Saphenous,Veins, Saphenous

Related Publications

S Tadjkarimi, and G S O'Neil, and T N Luu, and S P Allen, and C J Schyns, and A H Chester, and M H Yacoub
January 1975, Bulletin de la Societe internationale de chirurgie,
S Tadjkarimi, and G S O'Neil, and T N Luu, and S P Allen, and C J Schyns, and A H Chester, and M H Yacoub
November 1992, Surgery,
S Tadjkarimi, and G S O'Neil, and T N Luu, and S P Allen, and C J Schyns, and A H Chester, and M H Yacoub
November 1990, Circulation,
S Tadjkarimi, and G S O'Neil, and T N Luu, and S P Allen, and C J Schyns, and A H Chester, and M H Yacoub
September 1977, Circulation,
S Tadjkarimi, and G S O'Neil, and T N Luu, and S P Allen, and C J Schyns, and A H Chester, and M H Yacoub
February 2005, The Annals of thoracic surgery,
S Tadjkarimi, and G S O'Neil, and T N Luu, and S P Allen, and C J Schyns, and A H Chester, and M H Yacoub
July 1993, Kyobu geka. The Japanese journal of thoracic surgery,
S Tadjkarimi, and G S O'Neil, and T N Luu, and S P Allen, and C J Schyns, and A H Chester, and M H Yacoub
June 1988, Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi,
S Tadjkarimi, and G S O'Neil, and T N Luu, and S P Allen, and C J Schyns, and A H Chester, and M H Yacoub
September 1990, Kokyu to junkan. Respiration & circulation,
S Tadjkarimi, and G S O'Neil, and T N Luu, and S P Allen, and C J Schyns, and A H Chester, and M H Yacoub
January 2010, Texas Heart Institute journal,
S Tadjkarimi, and G S O'Neil, and T N Luu, and S P Allen, and C J Schyns, and A H Chester, and M H Yacoub
May 1980, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery,
Copied contents to your clipboard!