Ipratropium bromide: mucociliary clearance rate and airway resistance in normal subjects. 1977

R A Francis, and M L Thompson, and D Pavia, and R B Douglas

The effect of ipratropium bromide, a new anticholinergic drug, on the rate of clearance of secretions from the lung and on airways resistance was investigated in 12 healthy subjects in a double-blind cross-over trial with placebo and a control run without aerosol. Before taking the drug the subjects inhaled uniform 5 micrometer tracer particles of polystyrene in which 99mTc had been unleachably incorporated. The initial depth of deposition and the rate of clearance of the particles were obtained from serial gamma counts made externally to the chest over six hours. The difference between drug, placebo and control runs in the deposition patterns of the tracer particles and their subsequent rates of clearance were not significant. The drug treatment resulted in statistically significant falls in specific airway resistance at 1, 2, 3 and 6 hours (P less than 0.02). There was no objective or subjective evidence of side effects from the drug.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008168 Lung Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood. Lungs
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D009241 Ipratropium A muscarinic antagonist structurally related to ATROPINE but often considered safer and more effective for inhalation use. It is used for various bronchial disorders, in rhinitis, and as an antiarrhythmic. N-Isopropylatropine,(endo,syn)-(+-)-3-(3-Hydroxy-1-oxo-2-phenylpropoxy)-8-methyl-8-(1-methylethyl)-8-azoniabicyclo(3.2.1)octane,Atrovent,Ipratropium Bromide,Ipratropium Bromide Anhydrous,Ipratropium Bromide Monohydrate,Ipratropium Bromide, (endo,anti)-Isomer,Ipratropium Bromide, (exo,syn)-Isomer,Ipratropium Bromide, endo-Isomer,Itrop,Sch-1000,Sch-1178,N Isopropylatropine,Sch 1000,Sch 1178,Sch1000,Sch1178
D002923 Cilia Populations of thin, motile processes found covering the surface of ciliates (CILIOPHORA) or the free surface of the cells making up ciliated EPITHELIUM. Each cilium arises from a basic granule in the superficial layer of CYTOPLASM. The movement of cilia propels ciliates through the liquid in which they live. The movement of cilia on a ciliated epithelium serves to propel a surface layer of mucus or fluid. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed) Motile Cilia,Motile Cilium,Nodal Cilia,Nodal Cilium,Primary Cilia,Primary Cilium,Cilium,Cilia, Motile,Cilia, Nodal,Cilia, Primary,Cilium, Motile,Cilium, Nodal,Cilium, Primary
D002986 Clinical Trials as Topic Works about pre-planned studies of the safety, efficacy, or optimum dosage schedule (if appropriate) of one or more diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques selected according to predetermined criteria of eligibility and observed for predefined evidence of favorable and unfavorable effects. This concept includes clinical trials conducted both in the U.S. and in other countries. Clinical Trial as Topic
D004311 Double-Blind Method A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment. Double-Masked Study,Double-Blind Study,Double-Masked Method,Double Blind Method,Double Blind Study,Double Masked Method,Double Masked Study,Double-Blind Methods,Double-Blind Studies,Double-Masked Methods,Double-Masked Studies,Method, Double-Blind,Method, Double-Masked,Methods, Double-Blind,Methods, Double-Masked,Studies, Double-Blind,Studies, Double-Masked,Study, Double-Blind,Study, Double-Masked
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000335 Aerosol Propellants Compressed gases or vapors in a container which, upon release of pressure and expansion through a valve, carry another substance from the container. They are used for cosmetics, household cleaners, and so on. Examples are BUTANES; CARBON DIOXIDE; FLUOROCARBONS; NITROGEN; and PROPANE. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Propellants, Aerosol
D000368 Aged A person 65 years of age or older. For a person older than 79 years, AGED, 80 AND OVER is available. Elderly
D000403 Airway Resistance Physiologically, the opposition to flow of air caused by the forces of friction. As a part of pulmonary function testing, it is the ratio of driving pressure to the rate of air flow. Airway Resistances,Resistance, Airway,Resistances, Airway

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