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Evaluation of instrumental, nonisotopic immunoassays (fluorescence polarization immunoassay and enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique) for cyclosporine monitoring in whole blood after kidney and liver transplantation. 1992

D Beutler, and S Molteni, and T Zeugin, and W Thormann
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bern, Switzerland.

Two new instrumental methods, an enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) and a fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA), were evaluated for monitoring of cyclosporine (CyA) in whole blood samples of renal and liver transplant patients. They are considered as being specific to the parent drug and they were compared with a specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) and a nonspecific FPIA. The data reveal that the novel procedures provide slightly overestimated CyA levels compared with specific RIA (6-12% for EMIT, 20-25% for FPIA). For both assays, intrarun and interrun reproducibilities were found to be in the 2-8% range. The ease of performance and the possibility of performing approximately 40 assays/h make the two methodologies very attractive for both routine and emergency analyses. These approaches are viewed to be complementary to the only previously available instrumental method, the nonspecific FPIA, which provides three- to fourfold higher CyA levels than those obtained with specific methods. Specific and nonspecific monitoring of CyA levels allowed variations in proportions of metabolites to total CyA and metabolites to be distinguished. A higher percentage and variability of cross-reacting metabolites were found in whole blood samples after liver transplantation compared with those in blood of kidney transplant recipients.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008991 Monitoring, Physiologic The continuous measurement of physiological processes, blood pressure, heart rate, renal output, reflexes, respiration, etc., in a patient or experimental animal; includes pharmacologic monitoring, the measurement of administered drugs or their metabolites in the blood, tissues, or urine. Patient Monitoring,Monitoring, Physiological,Physiologic Monitoring,Monitoring, Patient,Physiological Monitoring
D005069 Evaluation Studies as Topic Works about studies that determine the effectiveness or value of processes, personnel, and equipment, or the material on conducting such studies. Critique,Evaluation Indexes,Evaluation Methodology,Evaluation Report,Evaluation Research,Methodology, Evaluation,Pre-Post Tests,Qualitative Evaluation,Quantitative Evaluation,Theoretical Effectiveness,Use-Effectiveness,Critiques,Effectiveness, Theoretical,Evaluation Methodologies,Evaluation Reports,Evaluation, Qualitative,Evaluation, Quantitative,Evaluations, Qualitative,Evaluations, Quantitative,Indexes, Evaluation,Methodologies, Evaluation,Pre Post Tests,Pre-Post Test,Qualitative Evaluations,Quantitative Evaluations,Report, Evaluation,Reports, Evaluation,Research, Evaluation,Test, Pre-Post,Tests, Pre-Post,Use Effectiveness
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012680 Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) Specificity,Sensitivity,Specificity and Sensitivity
D016030 Kidney Transplantation The transference of a kidney from one human or animal to another. Grafting, Kidney,Renal Transplantation,Transplantation, Kidney,Transplantation, Renal,Kidney Grafting,Kidney Transplantations,Renal Transplantations,Transplantations, Kidney,Transplantations, Renal
D016031 Liver Transplantation The transference of a part of or an entire liver from one human or animal to another. Grafting, Liver,Hepatic Transplantation,Liver Transplant,Transplantation, Hepatic,Transplantation, Liver,Hepatic Transplantations,Liver Grafting,Liver Transplantations,Liver Transplants,Transplant, Liver
D016231 Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay Fluoroimmunoassay where detection of the hapten-antibody reaction is based on measurement of the increased polarization of fluorescence-labeled hapten when it is combined with antibody. The assay is very useful for the measurement of small haptenic antigens such as drugs at low concentrations. Immunoassay, Fluorescence Polarization,Polarization Fluoroimmunoassay,Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassays,Fluoroimmunoassay, Polarization,Fluoroimmunoassays, Polarization,Immunoassays, Fluorescence Polarization,Polarization Fluoroimmunoassays,Polarization Immunoassay, Fluorescence,Polarization Immunoassays, Fluorescence
D016572 Cyclosporine A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). Cyclosporin A,Ciclosporin,CsA-Neoral,CyA-NOF,Cyclosporin,Cyclosporine A,Neoral,OL 27-400,Sandimmun,Sandimmun Neoral,Sandimmune,CsA Neoral,CsANeoral,CyA NOF,OL 27 400,OL 27400
D017248 Enzyme Multiplied Immunoassay Technique An immunoenzyme test for the presence of drugs and other substances in urine and blood. The test uses enzyme linked antibodies that react only with the particular drug for which the sample is being tested. EMIT Assay,Assay, EMIT,Assays, EMIT,EMIT Assays

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