A rapid and simultaneous determination of several analgesic antiinflammatory agents--ibuprofen, acetaminophen, indomethacin, and salicylic acid--in human serum was developed by using capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) coupled with diode-array ultraviolet detection. After precipitation of serum protein with acetonitrile containing 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine as the internal standard, an aliquot of deproteinized samples was applied directly to the CZE system. It enabled us to measure all of these four agents within 6 min, and there were no peaks interfering with the assay of these agents or 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine. Both the separation and quantification of these agents in human serum were reproducible after repeated analysis within a day or day-to-day analysis. In addition, there was a good correlation for each drug (r = 0.997-0.999) between the values in serum determined by CZE analysis and those measured either by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (ibuprofen and indomethacin) or by fluorescence polarization immunoassay (acetaminophen and salicylic acid). Therefore, the present CZE analysis could provide a simple, rapid, and efficient method for the identification as well as monitoring of analgesic antiinflammatory agents, particularly in serum of patients suffering from intoxication by overdosage of these agents.