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Effect of superoxide dismutase and allopurinol on impulse noise-exposed guinea pigs--electrophysiological and biochemical study. 2003

E Cassandro, and L Sequino, and P Mondola, and G Attanasio, and M Barbara, and R Filipo
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Reggio, Reggio, Italy.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect of two anti-reactive oxygen species (ROS) substances, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) and allopurinol, in impulse noise-exposed guinea pigs. METHODS Allopurinol or CuZn-SOD were administered intraperitoneally before exposure to 125 dB SPL noise centered at 2.0-3.0 kHz, with a repetition rate of 4/s, for 1.8 h. Hearing thresholds were tested by means of electrocochleography after implanting the animals with permanent electrodes. The presence of lipoperoxides in the guinea pig cochleae exposed to noise-induced oxidative stress was determined by means of the dosage of malondialdhyde, evaluated by measuring the content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in perilymph samples. RESULTS Acoustic stress induced ROS formation and both allopurinol and CuZn-SOD exerted a protective effect on the cochlea. Comparison of compound action potential thresholds in different animal groups showed that the temporary threshold shift was significantly lower in treated animals than in those without pharmacological protection. CONCLUSIONS The protective effect of the antioxidant agents demonstrates that, even at a high level of impulse noise exposure, a metabolic mechanism of cochlear damage may still play an important role in noise-exposed sensorineural hearing loss.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008054 Lipid Peroxides Peroxides produced in the presence of a free radical by the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids in the cell in the presence of molecular oxygen. The formation of lipid peroxides results in the destruction of the original lipid leading to the loss of integrity of the membranes. They therefore cause a variety of toxic effects in vivo and their formation is considered a pathological process in biological systems. Their formation can be inhibited by antioxidants, such as vitamin E, structural separation or low oxygen tension. Fatty Acid Hydroperoxide,Lipid Peroxide,Lipoperoxide,Fatty Acid Hydroperoxides,Lipid Hydroperoxide,Lipoperoxides,Acid Hydroperoxide, Fatty,Acid Hydroperoxides, Fatty,Hydroperoxide, Fatty Acid,Hydroperoxide, Lipid,Hydroperoxides, Fatty Acid,Peroxide, Lipid,Peroxides, Lipid
D008315 Malondialdehyde The dialdehyde of malonic acid. Malonaldehyde,Propanedial,Malonylaldehyde,Malonyldialdehyde,Sodium Malondialdehyde,Malondialdehyde, Sodium
D009622 Noise Any sound which is unwanted or interferes with HEARING other sounds. Noise Pollution,Noises,Pollution, Noise
D010498 Perilymph The fluid separating the membranous labyrinth from the osseous labyrinth of the ear. It is entirely separate from the ENDOLYMPH which is contained in the membranous labyrinth. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1396, 642) Perilymphs
D003051 Cochlea The part of the inner ear (LABYRINTH) that is concerned with hearing. It forms the anterior part of the labyrinth, as a snail-like structure that is situated almost horizontally anterior to the VESTIBULAR LABYRINTH. Cochleas
D006168 Guinea Pigs A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research. Cavia,Cavia porcellus,Guinea Pig,Pig, Guinea,Pigs, Guinea
D006317 Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced Hearing loss due to exposure to explosive loud noise or chronic exposure to sound level greater than 85 dB. The hearing loss is often in the frequency range 4000-6000 hertz. Acoustic Trauma,Hearing Loss, Noise Induced,Noise-Induced Hearing Loss
D000493 Allopurinol A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms. Allohexal,Allohexan,Alloprin,Allopurin,Allorin,Allpargin,Allural,Apulonga,Apurin,Atisuril,Bleminol,Caplenal,Capurate,Cellidrin,Embarin,Foligan,Hamarin,Jenapurinol,Lopurin,Lysuron,Milurit,Milurite,Novopurol,Pan Quimica,Progout,Pureduct,Purinol,Remid,Rimapurinol,Roucol,Suspendol,Tipuric,Uribenz,Uridocid,Uripurinol,Urosin,Urtias,Xanthomax,Xanturic,Zygout,Zyloprim,Zyloric
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001309 Auditory Threshold The audibility limit of discriminating sound intensity and pitch. Auditory Thresholds,Threshold, Auditory,Thresholds, Auditory

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