Biomaterial Database

Orthodontics. Part 2: Patient assessment and examination I. 2003

D Roberts-Harry, and J Sandy

Orthodontic Department, Leeds Dental Institute, Clarendon Way, Leeds LS2 9LU. robertsharry@btinternet.com

The patient assessment forms the essential basis of orthodontic treatment. This is divided into an extra-oral and intra-oral examination. The extra-oral examination is carried out first as this can fundamentally influence the treatment options. The skeletal pattern, soft tissue form and the presence or absence of habits must all be taken into account.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008310	Malocclusion	Such malposition and contact of the maxillary and mandibular teeth as to interfere with the highest efficiency during the excursive movements of the jaw that are essential for mastication. (Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry, 1982)	Angle's Classification,Crossbite,Tooth Crowding,Cross Bite,Angle Classification,Angles Classification,Bite, Cross,Bites, Cross,Classification, Angle's,Cross Bites,Crossbites,Crowding, Tooth,Crowdings, Tooth,Malocclusions
D010173	Palpation	Application of fingers with light pressure to the surface of the body to determine consistence of parts beneath in physical diagnosis; includes palpation for determining the outlines of organs.	Palpations
D002508	Cephalometry	The measurement of the dimensions of the HEAD.	Craniometry
D005145	Face	The anterior portion of the head that includes the skin, muscles, and structures of the forehead, eyes, nose, mouth, cheeks, and jaw.	Faces
D005147	Facial Bones	The facial skeleton, consisting of bones situated between the cranial base and the mandibular region. While some consider the facial bones to comprise the hyoid (HYOID BONE), palatine (HARD PALATE), and zygomatic (ZYGOMA) bones, MANDIBLE, and MAXILLA, others include also the lacrimal and nasal bones, inferior nasal concha, and vomer but exclude the hyoid bone. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p113)	Bone, Facial,Bones, Facial,Facial Bone
D005386	Fingersucking	Sucking of the finger. This is one of the most common manipulations of the body found in young children.	Thumbsucking,Finger Sucking,Thumb Sucking,Sucking, Finger,Sucking, Thumb
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013705	Temporomandibular Joint Disorders	A variety of conditions affecting the anatomic and functional characteristics of the temporomandibular joint. Factors contributing to the complexity of temporomandibular diseases are its relation to dentition and mastication and the symptomatic effects in other areas which account for referred pain to the joint and the difficulties in applying traditional diagnostic procedures to temporomandibular joint pathology where tissue is rarely obtained and x-rays are often inadequate or nonspecific. Common diseases are developmental abnormalities, trauma, subluxation, luxation, arthritis, and neoplasia. (From Thoma's Oral Pathology, 6th ed, pp577-600)	TMJ Disorders,TMJ Diseases,Temporomandibular Disorders,Temporomandibular Joint Diseases,Disease, TMJ,Disease, Temporomandibular Joint,Diseases, TMJ,Diseases, Temporomandibular Joint,Disorder, TMJ,Disorder, Temporomandibular,Disorder, Temporomandibular Joint,Disorders, TMJ,Disorders, Temporomandibular,Disorders, Temporomandibular Joint,Joint Disease, Temporomandibular,Joint Diseases, Temporomandibular,Joint Disorder, Temporomandibular,Joint Disorders, Temporomandibular,TMJ Disease,TMJ Disorder,Temporomandibular Disorder,Temporomandibular Joint Disease,Temporomandibular Joint Disorder
D014716	Vertical Dimension	The length of the face determined by the distance of separation of jaws. Occlusal vertical dimension (OVD or VDO) or contact vertical dimension is the lower face height with the teeth in centric occlusion. Rest vertical dimension (VDR) is the lower face height measured from a chin point to a point just below the nose, with the mandible in rest position. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p250)	Mandibular Rest Position,Rest Vertical Dimension,Vertical Dimension at Rest,Vertical Dimension of Occlusion,Dimension, Rest Vertical,Dimension, Vertical,Dimensions, Rest Vertical,Dimensions, Vertical,Mandibular Rest Positions,Occlusion Vertical Dimension,Occlusion Vertical Dimensions,Position, Mandibular Rest,Positions, Mandibular Rest,Rest Position, Mandibular,Rest Positions, Mandibular,Rest Vertical Dimensions,Vertical Dimension, Rest,Vertical Dimensions,Vertical Dimensions, Rest
D020380	Needs Assessment	Systematic identification of a population's needs or the assessment of individuals to determine the proper level of services needed.	Assessment of Health Care Needs,Determination of Health Care Needs,Educational Needs Assessment,Assessment of Healthcare Needs,Determination of Healthcare Needs,Assessment, Educational Needs,Needs Assessment, Educational,Needs Assessment, Healthcare,Needs Assessments,Needs Assessments, Educational,Needs Assessments, Healthcare