Biomaterial Database

Femoral vessel entrapment and compartment syndromes following snakebite. 2003

Roger S Blaylock

Leslie Williams Memorial Hospital, Gold Fields Health Services, Carletonville, Gauteng.

A 15-year-old patient who had been bitten on the ankle by a snake presented with swelling extending to the chest wall, with significant haemostatic abnormalities. Compartment and femoral vessel entrapment syndromes are presented. Compartment syndrome is easily mimicked by snakebite without a compartment syndrome. Current measurement of intracompartmental pressure, diastolic or mean arterial blood pressure and resulting equations used to determine the need for fasciotomy do not take into account regional venous or arterial pressures. Combined vessel entrapment and compartment syndromes due to snakebite warrant urgent surgery once hypovolaemia and coagulopathy have been controlled.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D003161	Compartment Syndromes	Conditions in which increased pressure within a limited space compromises the BLOOD CIRCULATION and function of tissue within that space. Some of the causes of increased pressure are TRAUMA, tight dressings, HEMORRHAGE, and exercise. Sequelae include nerve compression (NERVE COMPRESSION SYNDROMES); PARALYSIS; and ISCHEMIC CONTRACTURE. FASCIOTOMY is often used to decompress increased pressure and eliminate pain associated with compartment syndromes.	Compartment Syndrome
D005263	Femoral Artery	The main artery of the thigh, a continuation of the external iliac artery.	Common Femoral Artery,Arteries, Common Femoral,Arteries, Femoral,Artery, Common Femoral,Artery, Femoral,Common Femoral Arteries,Femoral Arteries,Femoral Arteries, Common,Femoral Artery, Common
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000293	Adolescent	A person 13 to 18 years of age.	Adolescence,Youth,Adolescents,Adolescents, Female,Adolescents, Male,Teenagers,Teens,Adolescent, Female,Adolescent, Male,Female Adolescent,Female Adolescents,Male Adolescent,Male Adolescents,Teen,Teenager,Youths
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000997	Antivenins	Antisera used to counteract poisoning by animal VENOMS, especially SNAKE VENOMS.	Anti-Venin,Anti-Venom,Antivenin,Antivenom,Anti-Venins,Anti-Venoms,Antivenoms,Anti Venin,Anti Venins,Anti Venom,Anti Venoms
D001157	Arterial Occlusive Diseases	Pathological processes which result in the partial or complete obstruction of ARTERIES. They are characterized by greatly reduced or absence of blood flow through these vessels. They are also known as arterial insufficiency.	Arterial Obstructive Diseases,Arterial Occlusion,Arterial Obstructive Disease,Arterial Occlusions,Arterial Occlusive Disease,Disease, Arterial Obstructive,Disease, Arterial Occlusive,Obstructive Disease, Arterial,Occlusion, Arterial,Occlusive Disease, Arterial
D012909	Snake Bites	Bites by snakes. Bite by a venomous snake is characterized by stinging pain at the wound puncture. The venom injected at the site of the bite is capable of producing a deleterious effect on the blood or on the nervous system. (Webster's 3d ed; from Dorland, 27th ed, at snake, venomous)	Envenomation, Snakebite,Snake Envenomation,Snake Envenoming,Snakebite Envenoming,Snakebites,Bite, Snake,Envenomation, Snake,Envenoming, Snake,Envenoming, Snakebite,Snake Bite,Snake Envenomations,Snake Envenomings,Snakebite,Snakebite Envenomation,Snakebite Envenomations,Snakebite Envenomings
D012910	Snake Venoms	Solutions or mixtures of toxic and nontoxic substances elaborated by snake (Ophidia) salivary glands (Duvernoy's gland) for the purpose of killing prey or disabling predators and delivered by grooved or hollow fangs. They usually contain enzymes, toxins, and other factors.	Duvernoy's Gland Secretion,Duvernoy's Secretion,Snake Toxin,Snake Toxins,Snake Venom,Duvernoy Gland Secretion,Duvernoy Secretion,Duvernoys Gland Secretion,Duvernoys Secretion,Secretion, Duvernoy's,Secretion, Duvernoy's Gland,Toxin, Snake,Venom, Snake