Over the past 80 years, obstetrical treatment strategies devised to control current problems have resulted in the emergence of new types of infection. These, in turn, have caused modifications in diagnostic techniques and treatment specifics. Currently, the two most obvious changes influencing post-partum infection care are shortened post-partum hospital care, and the widespread use of intra-partum antibiotics to prevent early onset Group B streptococcal sepsis in the newborn. In the present review, risk factors for post-partum infection are delineated and strategies for prophylaxis and treatment are given.