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Antiemetic efficacy of high-dose metoclopramide and dexamethasone in patients receiving cisplatin chemotherapy: a randomized trial. 1992

N Tsavaris, and E Tsaroucha-Noutsou, and C Bacoyannis, and N Mylonakis, and P Valilis, and D Kozatsani-Halividi, and H Tsoutsos, and S Droufakou, and P Kosmidis
Second Department of Medical Oncology, Metaxa Cancer Hospital, Piraeus, Greece.

In a prospective randomized trial we compared the antiemetic efficacy of metoclopramide (MCP) and dexamethasone (DXM). A total of 172 patients receiving chemotherapy based on cisplatin 100 mg/m2/day were randomly allocated to four groups. CP was administered in 5 doses of 1.5 mg/kg (group A), 2 mg/kg (group C), or combined with 4 doses of DXM 4 mg/6 h (MCP: 1.5 mg/kg in group B; 2 mg/kg in group D). Vomiting was decreased in the DXM groups compared to groups A and C (p < 0.002), and the duration of nausea was greater in group A than in group D (P < 0.004). A greater disturbance in appetite was observed in group A compared to groups B (p < 0.028), D(p < 0.001) and C (p < 0.045). Activity problems were greater in group A than in C (p < 0.003) and D(p < 0.005). We noticed that a small increase in MCP (0.5 mg/kg) did not influence the antiemetic effect. The addition of DXM did not significantly alter the antiemetic results at the lower MCP dose, but improved them when MCP was slightly increased. We conclude that DXM slightly improves the antiemetic effect of MCP and the effects are related to the MCP dose.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008787 Metoclopramide A dopamine D2 antagonist that is used as an antiemetic. 4-Amino-5-chloro-N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide,Cerucal,Maxolon,Metaclopramide,Metoclopramide Dihydrochloride,Metoclopramide Hydrochloride,Metoclopramide Monohydrochloride,Metoclopramide Monohydrochloride, Monohydrate,Primperan,Reglan,Rimetin,Dihydrochloride, Metoclopramide,Hydrochloride, Metoclopramide,Monohydrochloride, Metoclopramide
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D009325 Nausea An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and motion sickness, emotional stress, intense pain, food poisoning, and various enteroviruses.
D009369 Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms. Benign Neoplasm,Cancer,Malignant Neoplasm,Tumor,Tumors,Benign Neoplasms,Malignancy,Malignant Neoplasms,Neoplasia,Neoplasm,Neoplasms, Benign,Cancers,Malignancies,Neoplasias,Neoplasm, Benign,Neoplasm, Malignant,Neoplasms, Malignant
D011446 Prospective Studies Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group. Prospective Study,Studies, Prospective,Study, Prospective
D002945 Cisplatin An inorganic and water-soluble platinum complex. After undergoing hydrolysis, it reacts with DNA to produce both intra and interstrand crosslinks. These crosslinks appear to impair replication and transcription of DNA. The cytotoxicity of cisplatin correlates with cellular arrest in the G2 phase of the cell cycle. Platinum Diamminodichloride,cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum(II),cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum(II),Biocisplatinum,Dichlorodiammineplatinum,NSC-119875,Platidiam,Platino,Platinol,cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum,cis-Platinum,Diamminodichloride, Platinum,cis Diamminedichloroplatinum,cis Platinum
D003907 Dexamethasone An anti-inflammatory 9-fluoro-glucocorticoid. Hexadecadrol,Decaject,Decaject-L.A.,Decameth,Decaspray,Dexasone,Dexpak,Hexadrol,Maxidex,Methylfluorprednisolone,Millicorten,Oradexon,Decaject L.A.
D004305 Dose-Response Relationship, Drug The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug. Dose Response Relationship, Drug,Dose-Response Relationships, Drug,Drug Dose-Response Relationship,Drug Dose-Response Relationships,Relationship, Drug Dose-Response,Relationships, Drug Dose-Response
D004359 Drug Therapy, Combination Therapy with two or more separate preparations given for a combined effect. Combination Chemotherapy,Polychemotherapy,Chemotherapy, Combination,Combination Drug Therapy,Drug Polytherapy,Therapy, Combination Drug,Chemotherapies, Combination,Combination Chemotherapies,Combination Drug Therapies,Drug Polytherapies,Drug Therapies, Combination,Polychemotherapies,Polytherapies, Drug,Polytherapy, Drug,Therapies, Combination Drug

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