Biomaterial Database

Arterial chemoreceptor influences on the laryngeal chemoreflex. 1992

G E Woodson, and G Brauel

Division of Head and Neck Surgery, UCSD School of Medicine.

Prolonged apnea and cardiovascular changes have been elicited in infant animals by the application of water to the laryngeal mucosa. Previous reports have produced conflicting evidence in regard to the possible role of arterial chemoreceptors in modulating this reflex. The present study was designed to determine the effect of carotid body stimulation or suppression on the duration of apnea and severity of cardiovascular changes in response to water in the larynx of piglets. The role of swallowing in terminating the apnea was also investigated. Hypoxia and isoproterenol, both carotid body stimuli, caused decreased apnea duration. Hyperoxia was associated with prolonged apnea duration; however, dopamine, which inhibits carotid body chemoreceptors, produced no significant change. Hypotension and bradycardia were only observed after prolonged apnea or chemoreceptor stimulation, supporting the concept that the cardiovascular component of the laryngeal chemoreflex is a result of changes in blood gas concentration rather than a direct response to laryngeal chemostimulation. The interval between water application and initiation of swallowing was not significantly affected by hypoxia or carotid body stimulation and swallowing did not always occur before resumption of breathing.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007022	Hypotension	Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DIZZINESS but greater negative impacts on the body occur when there is prolonged depravation of oxygen and nutrients.	Blood Pressure, Low,Hypotension, Vascular,Low Blood Pressure,Vascular Hypotension
D007545	Isoproterenol	Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.	Isoprenaline,Isopropylarterenol,4-(1-Hydroxy-2-((1-methylethyl)amino)ethyl)-1,2-benzenediol,Euspiran,Isadrin,Isadrine,Isopropyl Noradrenaline,Isopropylnoradrenaline,Isopropylnorepinephrine,Isoproterenol Hydrochloride,Isoproterenol Sulfate,Isuprel,Izadrin,Norisodrine,Novodrin,Hydrochloride, Isoproterenol,Noradrenaline, Isopropyl,Sulfate, Isoproterenol
D007830	Larynx	A tubular organ of VOICE production. It is located in the anterior neck, superior to the TRACHEA and inferior to the tongue and HYOID BONE.	Anterior Commissure, Laryngeal,Anterior Commissure, Larynx,Laryngeal Anterior Commissure,Laryngeal Posterior Commissure,Posterior Commissure, Laryngeal,Posterior Commissure, Larynx,Anterior Commissures, Laryngeal,Anterior Commissures, Larynx,Commissure, Laryngeal Anterior,Commissure, Laryngeal Posterior,Commissure, Larynx Anterior,Commissure, Larynx Posterior,Commissures, Laryngeal Anterior,Commissures, Laryngeal Posterior,Commissures, Larynx Anterior,Commissures, Larynx Posterior,Laryngeal Anterior Commissures,Laryngeal Posterior Commissures,Larynx Anterior Commissure,Larynx Anterior Commissures,Larynx Posterior Commissure,Larynx Posterior Commissures,Posterior Commissures, Laryngeal,Posterior Commissures, Larynx
D010100	Oxygen	An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.	Dioxygen,Oxygen-16,Oxygen 16
D012018	Reflex	An involuntary movement or exercise of function in a part, excited in response to a stimulus applied to the periphery and transmitted to the brain or spinal cord.
D001919	Bradycardia	Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. They can be classified broadly into SINOATRIAL NODE dysfunction and ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK.	Bradyarrhythmia,Bradyarrhythmias,Bradycardias
D002320	Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena	Processes and properties of the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM as a whole or of any of its parts.	Cardiovascular Physiologic Processes,Cardiovascular Physiological Processes,Cardiovascular Physiology,Cardiovascular Physiological Concepts,Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomenon,Cardiovascular Physiological Process,Physiology, Cardiovascular,Cardiovascular Physiological Concept,Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomenas,Concept, Cardiovascular Physiological,Concepts, Cardiovascular Physiological,Phenomena, Cardiovascular Physiological,Phenomenon, Cardiovascular Physiological,Physiologic Processes, Cardiovascular,Physiological Concept, Cardiovascular,Physiological Concepts, Cardiovascular,Physiological Phenomena, Cardiovascular,Physiological Phenomenon, Cardiovascular,Physiological Process, Cardiovascular,Physiological Processes, Cardiovascular,Process, Cardiovascular Physiological,Processes, Cardiovascular Physiologic,Processes, Cardiovascular Physiological
D002344	Carotid Body	A small cluster of chemoreceptive and supporting cells located near the bifurcation of the internal carotid artery. The carotid body, which is richly supplied with fenestrated capillaries, senses the pH, carbon dioxide, and oxygen concentrations in the blood and plays a crucial role in their homeostatic control.	Glomus Caroticum,Bodies, Carotid,Body, Carotid,Caroticum, Glomus,Carotid Bodies
D002628	Chemoreceptor Cells	Cells specialized to detect chemical substances and relay that information centrally in the nervous system. Chemoreceptor cells may monitor external stimuli, as in TASTE and OLFACTION, or internal stimuli, such as the concentrations of OXYGEN and CARBON DIOXIDE in the blood.	Chemoreceptive Cells,Cell, Chemoreceptive,Cell, Chemoreceptor,Cells, Chemoreceptive,Cells, Chemoreceptor,Chemoreceptive Cell,Chemoreceptor Cell
D003679	Deglutition	The act of taking solids and liquids into the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT through the mouth and throat.	Swallowing,Deglutitions,Swallowings