Effects of local cooling rate and processing variables on leucite in dental porcelain. 2003

J Rodway Mackert, and Geoffrey W Sheen, and Amalia L Williams, and Carl M Russell, and Janet W Ergle
Section of Dental Materials, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Medical College of Georgia School of Dentistry, Augusta 30912-1260, USA. rmackert@mail.mcg.edu

OBJECTIVE This research determined whether there is a measurable effect of local geometry factors on leucite content of dental porcelain in fixed partial dentures (FPD). METHODS Four-unit FPD frameworks (n = 36) were fabricated using a nickel-chromium alloy (Rexillium III). Body porcelain (Crystar, shade A2) was applied in one increment and subjected to two simulated body firings, followed by a simulated glaze firing to achieve a thickness of 1.5 to 2.0 mm. The completed FPD specimens were randomly assigned to three groups of 12 specimens each: (1) simulated post-soldering, (2) multiple firing, and (3) control. The FPDs from each test group were sectioned into individual units: canine retainer, premolar pontic, molar pontic, and molar retainer. The porcelain was removed from each unit, and the leucite content was measured via quantitative x-ray diffraction. RESULTS Porcelain cracking indicated that the soldering simulation had successfully reproduced conditions in the dental laboratory that result in porcelain cracking during soldering. The leucite content was not significantly different between the retainer and pontic units for either the soldering simulation or control FPDs, although the canine retainer units did have a slightly lower leucite content than the pooled values of the other units. Comparison of the pooled data for the three groups indicated statistically significant differences among the leucite contents. CONCLUSIONS Compared to the control, the simulated post-soldering procedure produced a significant increase in leucite, and the multiple firing group exhibited a significant decrease in leucite. Increases in leucite weight fraction during post-soldering operations-and the larger thermally induced stresses that accompany these leucite increases-are responsible for the cracking that occurs.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008422 Materials Testing The testing of materials and devices, especially those used for PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; SUTURES; TISSUE ADHESIVES; etc., for hardness, strength, durability, safety, efficacy, and biocompatibility. Biocompatibility Testing,Biocompatible Materials Testing,Hemocompatibility Testing,Testing, Biocompatible Materials,Testing, Hemocompatible Materials,Hemocompatibility Testings,Hemocompatible Materials Testing,Materials Testing, Biocompatible,Materials Testing, Hemocompatible,Testing, Biocompatibility,Testing, Hemocompatibility,Testing, Materials,Testings, Biocompatibility
D002627 Chemistry, Physical The study of CHEMICAL PHENOMENA and processes in terms of the underlying PHYSICAL PHENOMENA and processes. Physical Chemistry,Chemistries, Physical,Physical Chemistries
D002858 Chromium Alloys Specific alloys not less than 85% chromium and nickel or cobalt, with traces of either nickel or cobalt, molybdenum, and other substances. They are used in partial dentures, orthopedic implants, etc. Chromium-Cobalt Alloys,Chromium-Nickel Alloys,Cobalt-Chromium Alloys,Nickel-Chromium Alloys,Alloys, Chromium,Alloys, Chromium-Cobalt,Alloys, Chromium-Nickel,Alloys, Cobalt-Chromium,Alloys, Nickel-Chromium,Chromium Cobalt Alloys,Chromium Nickel Alloys,Cobalt Chromium Alloys,Nickel Chromium Alloys
D003442 Crowns A prosthetic restoration that reproduces the entire surface anatomy of the visible natural crown of a tooth. It may be partial (covering three or more surfaces of a tooth) or complete (covering all surfaces). It is made of gold or other metal, porcelain, or resin. Dental Crowns,Crown, Dental,Crowns, Dental,Dental Crown,Crown
D003722 Dental Alloys A mixture of metallic elements or compounds with other metallic or metalloid elements in varying proportions for use in restorative or prosthetic dentistry. Alloy, Dental,Alloys, Dental,Dental Alloy
D003776 Dental Porcelain A type of porcelain used in dental restorations, either jacket crowns or inlays, artificial teeth, or metal-ceramic crowns. It is essentially a mixture of particles of feldspar and quartz, the feldspar melting first and providing a glass matrix for the quartz. Dental porcelain is produced by mixing ceramic powder (a mixture of quartz, kaolin, pigments, opacifiers, a suitable flux, and other substances) with distilled water. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992) Porcelain,Porcelain, Dental,Dental Porcelains,Porcelains,Porcelains, Dental
D003779 Denture Design The plan, delineation, and location of actual structural elements of dentures. The design can relate to retainers, stress-breakers, occlusal rests, flanges, framework, lingual or palatal bars, reciprocal arms, etc. Denture Designs,Design, Denture,Designs, Denture
D003830 Denture, Partial, Fixed A partial denture attached to prepared natural teeth, roots, or implants by cementation. Fixed Bridge,Fixed Partial Denture,Pontic,Bridge, Fixed,Bridges, Fixed,Denture, Fixed Partial,Dentures, Fixed Partial,Fixed Bridges,Fixed Partial Dentures,Partial Denture, Fixed,Partial Dentures, Fixed,Pontics
D006358 Hot Temperature Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm. Heat,Hot Temperatures,Temperature, Hot,Temperatures, Hot
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man

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