[A simple and universal method for molecular sexing of birds]. 2003

Rui Ying Hu, and Xin Geng, and Jun Ma, and Yun Shuang Chen, and Zhong Kui Li, and Xiao Yan Ding
Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031.

It is difficult to sex monomorphic or juvenile birds only according to their appearance or by simple surgical techniques. However, the sex of individual bird has to be identified during breeding. Recently, a sex-linked gene, CHD1, has been discovered in non-ratite birds. Using highly conserved primers flanking the intron of CHD1 and PCR amplification, females are characterized by diaplaying two fragments(CHD1W and CHD1Z), while males only show one fragment(CHD1Z) clearly different in size from the female-specific CHD1W fragment. PCR-based molecular sexing method has been widely used due to its many merits over other techniques. In this work, we successfully sexed 86 bird from 9 species using this technique. All of these birds are listed here as the national first-grade wildlife of China for protection. Our results benefit greatly on breeding rare monomorphic birds and preventing them from distinction.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D004268 DNA-Binding Proteins Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases. DNA Helix Destabilizing Proteins,DNA-Binding Protein,Single-Stranded DNA Binding Proteins,DNA Binding Protein,DNA Single-Stranded Binding Protein,SS DNA BP,Single-Stranded DNA-Binding Protein,Binding Protein, DNA,DNA Binding Proteins,DNA Single Stranded Binding Protein,DNA-Binding Protein, Single-Stranded,Protein, DNA-Binding,Single Stranded DNA Binding Protein,Single Stranded DNA Binding Proteins
D005260 Female Females
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001717 Birds Warm-blooded VERTEBRATES possessing FEATHERS and belonging to the class Aves. Aves,Bird
D012727 Sex Characteristics Those characteristics that distinguish one SEX from the other. The primary sex characteristics are the OVARIES and TESTES and their related hormones. Secondary sex characteristics are those which are masculine or feminine but not directly related to reproduction. Gender Characteristics,Gender Differences,Gender Dimorphism,Sex Differences,Sex Dimorphism,Sexual Dichromatism,Sexual Dimorphism,Characteristic, Gender,Characteristic, Sex,Dichromatism, Sexual,Dichromatisms, Sexual,Difference, Sex,Dimorphism, Gender,Dimorphism, Sex,Dimorphism, Sexual,Gender Characteristic,Gender Difference,Gender Dimorphisms,Sex Characteristic,Sex Difference,Sex Dimorphisms,Sexual Dichromatisms,Sexual Dimorphisms
D012732 Sex Determination Analysis Validation of the SEX of an individual by inspection of the GONADS and/or by genetic tests. Sex Determination Techniques,Sex Determination Technics,Analyses, Sex Determination,Analysis, Sex Determination,Sex Determination Analyses,Sex Determination Technic,Sex Determination Technique,Technic, Sex Determination,Technics, Sex Determination,Technique, Sex Determination,Techniques, Sex Determination
D016133 Polymerase Chain Reaction In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships. Anchored PCR,Inverse PCR,Nested PCR,PCR,Anchored Polymerase Chain Reaction,Inverse Polymerase Chain Reaction,Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction,PCR, Anchored,PCR, Inverse,PCR, Nested,Polymerase Chain Reactions,Reaction, Polymerase Chain,Reactions, Polymerase Chain
D030161 Avian Proteins Proteins obtained from species of BIRDS. Avian Protein,Bird Protein,Bird Proteins,Protein, Avian,Protein, Bird,Proteins, Avian,Proteins, Bird

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