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Do olfactory reference syndrome and jiko-shu-kyofu (a subtype of taijin-kyofu) share a common entity? 2004

K Suzuki, and N Takei, and Y Iwata, and Y Sekine, and T Toyoda, and K Nakamura, and Y Minabe, and M Kawai, and M Iyo, and N Mori
Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan.

OBJECTIVE Olfactory reference syndrome (ORS) in the Western literature is characterized as preoccupation with the idea that the body emits a foul odor. Japanese patients with a feature similar to ORS have long been recognized as jiko-shu-kyofu, which is believed to be a culture-bound syndrome and specific to Japan. The aim of the study was to clarify the relationship between the two separate syndromes that had independently been recognized in culturally different settings. METHODS The phenomenology and treatment of seven patients with jiko-shu-kyofu were described. A feature of jiko-shu-kyofu was then compared with that of ORS. RESULTS In our cases, clinical characteristics of jiko-shu-kyofu such as symptomatology, insight, and pharmacotherapy response were found identical to those of ORS except for the onset at relatively younger ages. CONCLUSIONS Jiko-shu-kyofu and ORS may share a common clinical entity, hence the former is not a culturally distinctive disorder.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007564 Japan A country in eastern Asia, island chain between the North Pacific Ocean and the Sea of Japan, east of the Korean Peninsula. The capital is Tokyo. Bonin Islands
D008297 Male Males
D009812 Odorants The volatile portions of chemical substances perceptible by the sense of smell. Odors,Aroma,Fragrance,Scents,Aromas,Fragrances,Odor,Odorant,Scent
D010698 Phobic Disorders Anxiety disorders in which the essential feature is persistent and irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation that the individual feels compelled to avoid. The individual recognizes the fear as excessive or unreasonable. Claustrophobia,Neuroses, Phobic,Phobia, School,Phobias,Phobic Neuroses,Scolionophobia,Disorder, Phobic,Phobia,Phobic Disorder,School Phobia
D003702 Delusions A false belief regarding the self or persons or objects outside the self that persists despite the facts, and is not considered tenable by one's associates. Delusion
D003937 Diagnosis, Differential Determination of which one of two or more diseases or conditions a patient is suffering from by systematically comparing and contrasting results of diagnostic measures. Diagnoses, Differential,Differential Diagnoses,Differential Diagnosis
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000293 Adolescent A person 13 to 18 years of age. Adolescence,Youth,Adolescents,Adolescents, Female,Adolescents, Male,Teenagers,Teens,Adolescent, Female,Adolescent, Male,Female Adolescent,Female Adolescents,Male Adolescent,Male Adolescents,Teen,Teenager,Youths
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults

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