Over-expression of gastrin-releasing peptide in human esophageal squamous cell carcinomas. 2004

Ming Zhu Fang, and Changgong Liu, and Yunlong Song, and Guang-Yu Yang, and Yan Nie, and Jie Liao, and Xin Zhao, and Yutaka Shimada, and Li-Dong Wang, and Chung S Yang
Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8020, USA.

Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) is known as an autocrine growth factor for a number of gastrointestinal cancers. There is, however, little information on the expression of GRP in the squamous epithelia and squamous cell carcinoma, particularly in the esophagus. With a differential display approach, up-regulated GRP was observed in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) samples obtained from a high-risk area for esophageal cancer, Linzhou in northern China. Up-regulation of phosphoglycerate mutase and P311 HUM (3.1) and down-regulation of keratin 13, cystatin B, endoglin and annexin I were observed. Using a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method, significant over-expression of GRP was observed in 10 out of 12 ESCC samples (83.3%) and all four ESCC cell lines. With in situ hybridization, GRP mRNA expression was detected in nine out of 21 (42.8%) samples with basal cell hyperplasia (BCH), five out of seven (71.4%) samples with dysplasia (DYS) and 17 out of 24 (70.9%) ESCC samples. In contrast, GRP was expressed only in three out of 16 (18.7%) normal epithelium. Digital image analysis revealed that the mean value of GRP expression index, determined by intensity and area ratio of staining, was 0.19 in normal epithelium, 1.23 in BCH, 2.94 in DYS and 2.38 in ESCC, showing a progressive increase. Studies on ESCC cell lines showed GRP increased cell growth in a dose-dependent pattern in GRP receptor-positive ESCC cells, but not in GRP receptor-negative ESCC cells. GRP (1 mM) also increased cyclooxygenase-2 protein expression by 3.4-fold. This is the first demonstration that GRP is over-expressed in ESCC, and its over-expression may play a role in ESCC development and growth.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D002294 Carcinoma, Squamous Cell A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed) Carcinoma, Epidermoid,Carcinoma, Planocellular,Carcinoma, Squamous,Squamous Cell Carcinoma,Carcinomas, Epidermoid,Carcinomas, Planocellular,Carcinomas, Squamous,Carcinomas, Squamous Cell,Epidermoid Carcinoma,Epidermoid Carcinomas,Planocellular Carcinoma,Planocellular Carcinomas,Squamous Carcinoma,Squamous Carcinomas,Squamous Cell Carcinomas
D002471 Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill. Neoplastic Transformation, Cell,Neoplastic Cell Transformation,Transformation, Neoplastic Cell,Tumorigenic Transformation,Cell Neoplastic Transformation,Cell Neoplastic Transformations,Cell Transformations, Neoplastic,Neoplastic Cell Transformations,Neoplastic Transformations, Cell,Transformation, Cell Neoplastic,Transformation, Tumorigenic,Transformations, Cell Neoplastic,Transformations, Neoplastic Cell,Transformations, Tumorigenic,Tumorigenic Transformations
D004938 Esophageal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS. Cancer of Esophagus,Esophageal Cancer,Cancer of the Esophagus,Esophagus Cancer,Esophagus Neoplasm,Neoplasms, Esophageal,Cancer, Esophageal,Cancer, Esophagus,Cancers, Esophageal,Cancers, Esophagus,Esophageal Cancers,Esophageal Neoplasm,Esophagus Cancers,Esophagus Neoplasms,Neoplasm, Esophageal,Neoplasm, Esophagus,Neoplasms, Esophagus
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001483 Base Sequence The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence. DNA Sequence,Nucleotide Sequence,RNA Sequence,DNA Sequences,Base Sequences,Nucleotide Sequences,RNA Sequences,Sequence, Base,Sequence, DNA,Sequence, Nucleotide,Sequence, RNA,Sequences, Base,Sequences, DNA,Sequences, Nucleotide,Sequences, RNA
D017403 In Situ Hybridization A technique that localizes specific nucleic acid sequences within intact chromosomes, eukaryotic cells, or bacterial cells through the use of specific nucleic acid-labeled probes. Hybridization in Situ,Hybridization, In Situ,Hybridizations, In Situ,In Situ Hybridizations
D017931 DNA Primers Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques. DNA Primer,Oligodeoxyribonucleotide Primer,Oligodeoxyribonucleotide Primers,Oligonucleotide Primer,Oligonucleotide Primers,Primer, DNA,Primer, Oligodeoxyribonucleotide,Primer, Oligonucleotide,Primers, DNA,Primers, Oligodeoxyribonucleotide,Primers, Oligonucleotide
D019886 Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Neuropeptide and gut hormone that helps regulate GASTRIC ACID secretion and motor function. Once released from nerves in the antrum of the STOMACH, the neuropeptide stimulates release of GASTRIN from the GASTRIN-SECRETING CELLS. Gastrin-Releasing Peptide (1-27),Gastrin Releasing Peptide
D020133 Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols. Polymerase Chain Reaction, Reverse Transcriptase,Reverse Transcriptase PCR,PCR, Reverse Transcriptase,Transcriptase PCR, Reverse

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