Serum thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and cutaneous T cell- attracting chemokine (CTACK) levels in allergic diseases: TARC and CTACK are disease-specific markers for atopic dermatitis. 2004

DirkJan Hijnen, and Marjolein De Bruin-Weller, and Bert Oosting, and Cristina Lebre, and Esther De Jong, and Carla Bruijnzeel-Koomen, and Edward Knol
Department of Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The, Netherlands.

BACKGROUND Tissue infiltration of CD4(+) T cells plays an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. T-cell trafficking is mediated by specific chemokines and their receptors. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the participation of the chemokines thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and cutaneous T cell-attracting chemokine (CTACK) in a large population of patients with allergic diseases. METHODS Serum TARC and CTACK levels were measured in 455 patients with allergic disease. Patients were characterized as having atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic asthma, allergic rhinitis, or combinations or as healthy control subjects. Serum TARC and CTACK levels were correlated with disease activity in patients with AD. Furthermore, in 7 patients with AD, serum TARC and CTACK levels were studied after the start of systemic cyclosporin A treatment. Finally, TARC and CTACK localization was checked by immunohistochemistry in lesional skin biopsy specimens of patients with AD. RESULTS Both TARC and CTACK serum levels in patients with AD were significantly higher than those in healthy control subjects and patients with allergic respiratory disease. Furthermore, serum TARC and CTACK levels significantly correlated with disease activity in patients with AD. Serum TARC levels paralleled clinical improvement in patients treated with cyclosporin A. Immunoreactive TARC was found in infiltrating cells and endothelial cells of the dermis but not in epidermal cells. CONCLUSIONS The serum TARC level is an objective parameter for disease severity specific for AD. Furthermore, it is a promising tool for treatment monitoring.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007150 Immunohistochemistry Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents. Immunocytochemistry,Immunogold Techniques,Immunogold-Silver Techniques,Immunohistocytochemistry,Immunolabeling Techniques,Immunogold Technics,Immunogold-Silver Technics,Immunolabeling Technics,Immunogold Silver Technics,Immunogold Silver Techniques,Immunogold Technic,Immunogold Technique,Immunogold-Silver Technic,Immunogold-Silver Technique,Immunolabeling Technic,Immunolabeling Technique,Technic, Immunogold,Technic, Immunogold-Silver,Technic, Immunolabeling,Technics, Immunogold,Technics, Immunogold-Silver,Technics, Immunolabeling,Technique, Immunogold,Technique, Immunogold-Silver,Technique, Immunolabeling,Techniques, Immunogold,Techniques, Immunogold-Silver,Techniques, Immunolabeling
D003876 Dermatitis, Atopic A chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee. In infants it is known as infantile eczema. Eczema, Atopic,Eczema, Infantile,Neurodermatitis, Atopic,Neurodermatitis, Disseminated,Atopic Dermatitis,Atopic Eczema,Atopic Neurodermatitis,Disseminated Neurodermatitis,Infantile Eczema
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012720 Severity of Illness Index Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder. Illness Index Severities,Illness Index Severity
D012867 Skin The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.
D015415 Biomarkers Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE and its effects, disease diagnosis; METABOLIC PROCESSES; SUBSTANCE ABUSE; PREGNANCY; cell line development; EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES; etc. Biochemical Markers,Biological Markers,Biomarker,Clinical Markers,Immunologic Markers,Laboratory Markers,Markers, Biochemical,Markers, Biological,Markers, Clinical,Markers, Immunologic,Markers, Laboratory,Markers, Serum,Markers, Surrogate,Markers, Viral,Serum Markers,Surrogate Markers,Viral Markers,Biochemical Marker,Biologic Marker,Biologic Markers,Clinical Marker,Immune Marker,Immune Markers,Immunologic Marker,Laboratory Marker,Marker, Biochemical,Marker, Biological,Marker, Clinical,Marker, Immunologic,Marker, Laboratory,Marker, Serum,Marker, Surrogate,Serum Marker,Surrogate End Point,Surrogate End Points,Surrogate Endpoint,Surrogate Endpoints,Surrogate Marker,Viral Marker,Biological Marker,End Point, Surrogate,End Points, Surrogate,Endpoint, Surrogate,Endpoints, Surrogate,Marker, Biologic,Marker, Immune,Marker, Viral,Markers, Biologic,Markers, Immune
D054414 Chemokine CCL17 A CC-type chemokine that is found at high levels in the THYMUS and has specificity for CCR4 RECEPTORS. It is synthesized by DENDRITIC CELLS; ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; KERATINOCYTES; and FIBROBLASTS. CCL17 Chemokine,TARC Chemokine,Thymus and Activation-Regulated Chemokine,CCL17, Chemokine,Chemokine, CCL17,Chemokine, TARC,Thymus and Activation Regulated Chemokine
D054425 Chemokine CCL27 A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR10 RECEPTORS. It is constitutively expressed in the skin and may play a role in T-CELL trafficking during cutaneous INFLAMMATION. CCL27 Chemokine,CTACK Chemokine,Cutaneous T-Cell-Attracting Chemokine,ESkine,Small Inducible Cytokine A27,CCL27, Chemokine,Chemokine, CCL27,Chemokine, CTACK,Chemokine, Cutaneous T-Cell-Attracting,Cutaneous T Cell Attracting Chemokine,T-Cell-Attracting Chemokine, Cutaneous
D019742 Chemokines, CC Group of chemokines with adjacent cysteines that are chemoattractants for lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils but not neutrophils. C-C Chemokine,CC Chemokine,CC Chemokines,beta-Chemokine,beta-Chemokines,C-C Chemokines,C C Chemokine,C C Chemokines,Chemokine, C-C,Chemokine, CC,Chemokines, C-C,beta Chemokine,beta Chemokines

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